Applied sciences

Opto-Electronics Review

Content

Opto-Electronics Review | 2015 | vol. 23 | No 4

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Abstract

This paper presents the implementation of a thinned fibre Bragg grating as a fuel adulteration sensor for volatile organic compounds. The proposed sensor can detect upto 10% adulteration of benzene, toluene and xylene: hydrocarbons precisely, whereas traditional methods can detect only upto 20% adulteration. The results obtained from the experiments are verified using Finite Difference Time Domain method. It is found that experimental results have very less deviation from simulation results. The proposed sensor provides us with the new possibility that may have commercial application, as well.

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Authors and Affiliations

S. Agarwal
Y.K. Prajapati
V. Mishra
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Abstract

Worldwide commercial interest in the production of cerium doped yttrium aluminium garnet (YAG:Ce) phosphors is reflected in the widespread use of white light emitting devices. Despite of the fact that YAG:Ce is considered a “cool phosphor” it is the most important in white LED technology. This article reviews the developed techniques for producing phosphors with superior photoluminescence efficiency, including solid-state reaction, sol-gel and (co)precipitation methods. Also, by co-doping with rare earth elements, a red/blue shift is reached in the spectrum. The characteristics of YAG:Ce phosphors are investigated because the properties of the phosphors are strongly influenced by the synthesis routes and the sintering temperature treatment. After the phase analysis, morphology and emission studies of the phosphors there may be seen the conditions when the transition from the amorphous phase to the crystalline phase appears, when luminescent properties are influenced by the crystalline form, purity, average size of the particles, co-doping and so on.

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Authors and Affiliations

V. Tucureanu
A. Matei
A.M. Avram
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Abstract

In this work studies on propagation properties of a microstructured polymer optical fibre infiltrated with a nematic liquid crystal are presented. Specifically, the influence of an infiltration method on the LC molecular alignment inside fibre air-channels and, thus, on light guidance is discussed. Switching between propagation mechanisms, namely the transition from modified total internal reflection (mTIR) to the photonic bandgap effect obtained by varying external temperature is also demonstrated.

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Authors and Affiliations

K.A. Rutkowska
K. Milenko
O. Chojnowska
R. Dąbrowski
T.R. Woliński
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Abstract

In this paper our results of investigation on a pump power combiner in a configuration of 7×1 are presented. The performed combiner, with pump power of 80–85% transmission level, was successfully applied in a thulium doped fibre laser. The performed all-fibre laser setup reached a total CW output power of 6.42 W, achieving the efficiency on a 32.1% level

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Authors and Affiliations

D. Stachowiak
P. Kaczmarek
K.M. Abramski
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Abstract

One of the key parameters determining detection properties of silicon PIN detector structures (p+-ν-n+ or n+-ν-p+) is minority carrier diffusion length in p-n junction regions p-n (p+-ν or n+-ν). The parameter concerned strongly depends on quality of the starting material and technological processes conducted and has a significant impact on detector parameters, in particular dark current intensity. Thus, the parameter must be determined in order to optimise the design and technology of detectors.

The paper presents a method for measuring the spatial distribution of effective carrier diffusion length in silicon detector structures, based on the measurement of photoelectric current of a non-polarised structure illuminated (spot diameter of 250 μm) with monochromatic radiation of two wavelengths λ1 = 500 nm (silicon penetration depth of around 0.9 μm) and λ2 = 900 nm (silicon penetration depth of around 33 μm). The value of diffusion length was determined by analysing the spatial distribution of optical carrier generation and values of photoelectric currents.

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Authors and Affiliations

T. Piotrowski
M. Węgrzecki
M. Stolarski
K. Gościński
T. Krajewski
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Abstract

The design and performance analysis of a 1310/1550-nm wavelength division demultiplexer with tapered geometry based on InP/InGaAsP multimode interference (MMI) coupler has been carried out. Wavelength response of demultiplexer of conventional MMI and tapered input and tapered output (tapered I/O) waveguides geometry of the MMI have been discussed. The demultiplexing function has been first performed by choosing a suitable refractive index of the guiding region and geometrical parameters such as the width and length of MMI structure have been achieved. Access width of tapered I/O waveguides have been adjusted to give a low insertion loss (IL) and high extinction ratio (ER) for the considered wavelengths of 1310 nm and 1550 nm. The total size of the demultiplexer has been significantly reduced over the existing MMI devices. Numerical simulations with finite difference beam propagation method are applied to design and optimize the operation of the proposed demultiplexer.

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Authors and Affiliations

D. Chack
V. Kumar
S.K. Raghuwanshi
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Abstract

We report on the status of long-wave infrared Auger suppressed HgCdTe multilayer structures grown on GaAs substrates designed for high operating temperature condition: 200-300 K exhibiting, detectivity -1011 cmHz1/2/W, time response within a –120 ps range at 230 K. Abnormal responsivity within the range of -30 A/W for electrical area 30×30 μm2 under reverse bias V = 150 mV is reported. Maximum extraction coefficient of -2.3 was estimated for analysed structures.

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Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Martyniuk
ORCID: ORCID
W. Gawron
D. Stępień
J. Pawluczyk
A. Kębłowski
P. Madejczyk
Małgorzata Kopytko
ORCID: ORCID
A. Koźniewski

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OPTO-ELECTRONICS REVIEW is an open access journal. This involves the payment of an article publishing charge (APC) by the authors, their institution or funding body. We make the article freely available immediately upon publication on PAS Jornals platform (https://journals.pan.pl/opelre)

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Additional info

Opto-Electronics Review was established in 1992 for the publication of scientific papers concerning optoelectronics and photonics materials, system and signal processing. This journal covers the whole field of theory, experimental verification, techniques and instrumentation and brings together, within one journal, contributions from a wide range of disciplines. Papers covering novel topics extending the frontiers in optoelectronics and photonics are very encouraged. The main goal of this magazine is promotion of papers presented by European scientific teams, especially those submitted by important team from Central and Eastern Europe. However, contributions from other parts of the world are by no means excluded.

Articles are published in OPELRE in the following categories:

-invited reviews presenting the current state of the knowledge,

-specialized topics at the forefront of optoelectronics and photonics and their applications,

-refereed research contributions reporting on original scientific or technological achievements,

-conference papers printed in normal issues as invited or contributed papers.

Authors of review papers are encouraged to write articles of relevance to a wide readership including both those established in this field of research and non-specialists working in related areas. Papers considered as “letters” are not published in OPELRE.

Opto-Electronics Review is published quarterly as a journal of the Association of Polish Electrical Engineers (SEP) and Polish Academy of Sciences (PAS) in cooperation with the Military University of Technology and under the auspices of the Polish Optoelectronics Committee of SEP.

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Ethical policy of Opto-Electronics Review

The ethical policy of Opto-Electronics Review follows the European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity and is also guided by the core practices and policies outlined by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

Authors must be honest in presenting their results and conclusions of their research. Research misconduct is harmful for knowledge.

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If the work involves the use of human subjects, the author should ensure that the work described has been carried out in accordance with The Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association (Declaration of Helsinki) for experiments involving humans; Uniform Requirements for manuscripts submitted to Biomedical journals. Authors should include a statement in the manuscript that informed consent was obtained for experimentation with human subjects. The privacy rights of human subjects must always be observed.

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