In this study continuous pilot plant configuration for helical flow type Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE) reactor is decribed, and carotenoid extraction results from carrot- water extraction system are presented. The pilot plant configuration consists of all necessary unit operations from washed raw material to extracted natural ingredient product. According to our best knowledge the published data from the whole processing line of continuous UAE has not been described. One of the subjects in this study has been patented in-house UAE design which enables to prolong extractable solids material residence time under ultrasound field. Process operation was verified with several hour pilot tests. Extraction results have been presented in case of carotenoids from fresh carrots and strawberry extract from frozen strawberries. The extracted carotenoid concentration was improved 40 % comparison to macerated carrot results, and absorbance ratio of strawberry extract increased by factor 5.

The geodesy literature seems to offer comprehensive insight into the planar Helmert transformation with Hausbrandt corrections. Specialist literature is mainly devoted to the issues of 3D transformation. The determination of the sought values, coordinates in the target system, requires two stages of computations. The classical approach yields ‘new’ coordinates of reference points in the target system that should not be changed in principle. This requires the Hausbrandt corrections. The paper proposes to simplify the two-stage process of planar transformation by assigning adjustment corrections to reference point coordinates in the source system. This approach requires solving the Helmert transformation by adjusting conditioned observations with unknowns. This yielded transformation results consistent with the classical method. The proposed algorithm avoided the issue of correcting the official coordinates of the control network and using additional (post-transformation) corrections for the transformed points. The proposed algorithm for solving the plane Helmert transformation for �� > 2 reference points simplifies the computing stages compared to the classical approach. The assignment of adjustment corrections to coordinates of reference points in the source system helps avoid correcting coordinates of the reference points in the target system and additional corrections for transformed points. The main goal of any data adjustment process with the use of the least squares method is (by definition) obtaining unambiguous quantities that would strictly meet the mathematical relationships between them. Therefore, this work aims to show such a transformation adjusting procedure, so that no additional computational activities related to the correction of already aligned results are necessary.