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Abstract

On the basis of measurements of the depth of occurrence of 11000 krill aggregations and the biological analyses of these animals and measurements of some environmental factors the diurnal vertical distribution of aggregations is presented against the background of various environmental conditions. Vertical distribution of aggregations is closely related to the feeding rhythm of krill. Active vertical migrations have been recorded at civil twilight. The increasing and decreasing rate of aggregations in those periods is described.

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Authors and Affiliations

Janusz Kalinowski
Zbigniew Witek
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Abstract

In this paper, I present a short 10-point characteristics of the classical conception of truth. Subsequently I point to the importance and comprehensive usefulness of this truth, among others, to the possibility of applying it in some virtual environments, e.g., in those which include virtual objects of types A and C. I also emphasize that—independently of views of promotors and creators of the “post-truth era” (e.g. the will of politicians, propagandists and the authors of conspiracy theories)—truth as it is grasped in the classical theory is in principle non-withdrawable from social discourse, including its philosophical and scientific fields.
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Authors and Affiliations

Józef Dębowski
1

  1. Zakład Epistemologii, Logiki i Metodologii Nauk, Instytut Filozofii, Wydział Humanistyczny, Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie, ul. Kurta Obitza 1, 10-725 Olsztyn
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Abstract

The human environment consists of a large variety of mechanical and biomechanical systems in which different types of contact can occur. In this work, we consider a monopedal jumper modelled as a three-dimensional rigid multibody system with contact and simulate its dynamics using a structure preserving method. The applied mechanical integrator is based on a constrained version of the Lagrange-d’Alembert principle. The resulting variational integrator preserves the symplecticity and momentum maps of the multibody dynamics. To ensure the structure preservation and the geometric correctness, we solve the non-smooth problem including the computation of the contact configuration, time and force instead of relying on a smooth approximation of the contact problem via a penalty potential. In addition to the formulation of non-smooth problems in forward dynamic simulations, we are interested in the optimal control of the monopedal high jump. The optimal control problem is solved using a direct transcription method transforming it into a constrained optimisation problem, see [14].

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Authors and Affiliations

Michael W. Koch
Sigrid Leyendecker

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