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Abstract

Having increasingly tightened geological and mining conditions in which the extraction of copper ore deposits in Poland is conducted, ensuring effective and safe mining is presently becoming a key task and a significant challenge for mine operators, mainly in the field of ground support systems being the equivalent for the new geological/mining conditions. As one may expect, these conditions shall be characterized by higher values of the primary stress tensor elements as well as the lower deformability and higher strength of the rock mass surrounding the copper ore body. T his means that in the near future, the rock bursts problem will become one of the most important issues deciding on the economy and safety within the newly developed mining areas. T herefore developing a novel effective ductile ground support systems which could be able to control the rock mass movement in squeezing and burst-prone rock conditions is recommended. T his type of requirement may fulfil only ductile or, in other words, the kinetic energy-absorbing systems, which permit slowing down a movement of violently ejected rock blocks. T his paper’s objective is to present the idea of the development of a new type of an effective and low cost ductile resin anchored rockbolt system with smooth and of the square cross-section steel rod is formed in coil shape of different pitch. T he developed bolt prototypes have been tested underground in the G-11 section of the Rudna mine. Results of the pull-out tests, involving different bolts’ shapes and different sliding materials set on the rockbolts’ rods, have proved those bolts’ efficiency as an element of the ductile support system.

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Authors and Affiliations

Witold Pytel
Piotr Mertuszka
Krzysztof Szeptun
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Abstract

Results of study on biofiltration of waste gases arising during lacquer covering of coil wires are presented. Gases contained over 50 compounds, phenol, cresols, in between. Biofiltration was carried out on compost bed at 0.28 emfs average linear velocity of gases. Efficiency of the whole process reached over 99%. Significant decrease of concentration of several compounds already in humidifier has been encountered.
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Authors and Affiliations

Andrzej Wieczorek
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Abstract

Pedunculate and sessile oaks (Quercus robur L.; Q. petraea [Matt] Liebl.) often coexist in mixed forest stands.

However, species-specific investigations and forest management actions in such populations require reliable

methods of identification of the species status of individuals. We investigated genetic diversity and species differentiation

of adult and naturally established seedling cohorts in a mixed forest stand composed of Q. robur and

Q. petraea, located in the Jamy Nature Reserve in north-central Poland. Using nineteen nuclear microsatellite

loci and a model-based clustering approach as a tool for species delineation, we efficiently identified 105 and

60 adults, as well as 191 and 456 seedlings of pedunculate and sessile oaks, respectively. While the adult trees

of both species were randomly distributed throughout the sample plot, the seedlings demonstrated significant

spatial clustering, which was particularly evident for Q. petraea. The two oak species exhibited similar levels of

genetic diversity in adult and offspring cohorts. Inbreeding was found to be low and significant only at the stage of

seedlings. The estimates of effective population size were higher for Q. robur than Q. petraea, despite the overall

greater reproductive success of the later one. There was a significant level of differentiation between the studied

oak species, as measured by Fst coefficient (0.084 – adults; 0.099 – seedlings). The results on genetic diversity and

species differentiation obtained in the studied indigenous near-natural stand of Q. robur and Q. petraea could be

considered as a reference for other population genetic studies of oaks.

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Authors and Affiliations

Elżbieta Sandurska
Bartosz Ulaszewski
Jarosław Burczyk
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Abstract

The article is the first presentation of Professor Gabriele De Rosa and his view of Italian socio-religious history. As it is the very first article about De Rosa to appear in Poland, it contains basic biographic information and an overview of the most important of his ideas.
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Authors and Affiliations

Paweł Postawski
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Abstract

The paper reports the results of work leading to the construction of a spatial thermo-mechanical model based on the finite element method allowing the computer simulation of physical phenomena accompanying the steel sample testing at temperatures that are characteristic for the soft-reduction process. The proposed numerical model is based upon a rigid-plastic solution for the prediction of stress and strain fields, and the Fourier-Kirchhoff equation for the prediction of temperature fields. The mushy zone that forms within the sample volume is characterized by a variable density during solidification with simultaneous deformation. In this case, the incompressibilitycondition applied in the classic rigid-plastic solution becomes inadequate. Therefore, in the presented solution, a modified operator equation in the optimized power functional was applied, which takes into account local density changes at the mechanical model level (the incompressibility condition was replaced with the condition of mass conservation). The study was supplemented withexamples of numerical and experimental simulation results, indicating that the proposed model conditions, assumptions, and numerical models are correct.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marcin Hojny
Tomasz Dębiński
ORCID: ORCID
M. Głowacki
1
Trang Thi Thu Nguyen
1

  1. AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
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Abstract

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is a process that allows genetic material to flow between even distantly related organisms. It is primarily observed in bacteria and protists but also in different lineages of eucaryotes. The first HGT cases in plants were discovered at the beginning of the 21st century and have been intensively studied ever since. Researchers have placed particular emphasis on the plant kingdom, especially parasitic plants. This review presents the current state of knowledge about this phenomenon in plants, with a special focus on parasitic plants.
Among the described factors facilitating HGT, close physical contact between organisms is believed to be one of the most important. It is noted especially in the case of parasitism and similar relationships. For that reason, reported occurrences of this phenomenon in holoparasites, hemiparasites, and mycoheterotrophic plants are compared. The mechanisms responsible for HGT in plants still remain unclear, however, the studies described here suggest that both DNA and RNA may play a role as a carrier in that process. Also, the transfer between genomes of different organelles in the cell, intracellular gene transfer (IGT), and its relationships with HGT are described. The occurrence of the HGT and IGT phenomena concerning different genomes: nuclear, mitochondrial, and plastid is discussed in the review. Finally, some future areas of research in the field are proposed.
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Authors and Affiliations

Grzegorz Góralski
1
ORCID: ORCID
Magdalena Denysenko-Bennett
1
ORCID: ORCID
Anna Burda
1
ORCID: ORCID
Natalia Staszecka-Moskal
1
ORCID: ORCID
Dagmara Kwolek
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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Abstract

Ice-cored moraines are the only accumulation forms of Antarctic ice-sheet in the contact zone with Bunger Hills. Their longiness ranges from 3.5 km to 250 m, they are from 300 m to 30 m wide and their elevation oscillates between 10 and 5 m. A thickness of moraimc cover which lags the ice-core is changeable in the limit of 1 m. A process of decay of ice-cores, leading to deformations of their moraines, plays a small part up to now. It is caused a dry climate, probably, which was not favorable for the release and the work of melted waters in a large scale. The weak separation of ice-cored moraines results from a small amount of morainic material transported to the front of ice-sheet, probably as the ice-sheet is almost motionless. The granulometric analysis of morainic sediments shows their bad segregation.

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Authors and Affiliations

Edward Wiśniewski

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