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Abstract

This article analyses the judgment of the Supreme Court of Poland of 25 June 2020, in which the Court refused to recognise registered mail receipt forms issued by the authorities of the so-called Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) as foreign official documents, despite the Public Prosecutor General and the claimant arguing to the contrary. The text attempts to show that the ruling is consistent with earlier Polish practice and the majority view in domestic literature. Still, the international jurisprudence shows that there is no clear rule of public international law that would make non-recognition of documents absolutely mandatory in such cases, and some exceptions could even support their recognition under special circumstances. Also, in similar cases foreign national courts do not always refuse recognition.
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Authors and Affiliations

Szymon Zaręba
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Assistant Professor, Institute of Law Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw
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Abstract

This paper presents a suggested approach for forensic investigation of bridge decks in which Ground penetrating radar (GPR) consisting of two antennas is used to assess the current conditions. The methodology was tested on a bridge deck in central Sicily. The acquired data were analyzed for identifying the asphalt overlay thickness, concrete cover depth and deck thickness and location of the rebar reinforcement. In the proposed approach for assessing bridge deck conditions the GPR survey was complemented with (i) a site investigation on layer thicknesses for calibration/verification purposes of the GPR response and (ii) a Terrestrial Laser Scanning system (TLS) to verify the bridge design slab curvature. The study shows that this methodology has significant merits on accurately assessing such bridge deck components when bridge design records are non-existing, and by using non-invasive methods such as laser scanning and GPR. The great advantage provided by the TLS technique is the possibility to obtain a 3D output model of the scanned element with the accuracy of the best topographic instruments in order to complement GPR data surveys for bridge inspection.

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Authors and Affiliations

S. Cafiso
A. Di Graziano
D. Goulias
M. Mangiameli
G. Mussumeci
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Abstract

Polish law oil wastes divides them according to their origins. In general, wastes can he divided into communal and industrial, and vessel wastes undoubtedly belong to both groups. The authors report in this work that the list of wastes and the means of their disposal comply fully with European Union directives that have been implemented successively. The introduction to Polish environmental protection law of the integrated permit and the best available technologies should permit the better processing of waste management and ensure compliance with the requirements described in the Second Polish Ecological Policy for 2003-2010. This policy assumes that there will be a decrease in hazards posed by asbestos, the average amount of communal wastes will remain stable, and the pi'oduction of wastes will be limited, including that aboard vessels.

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Authors and Affiliations

Janina Ciechanowicz-McLean
ORCID: ORCID
Paweł Mierzejewski
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Abstract

The paper provides statistical analysis of the photographs of four various granular materials (peas, pellets, triticale, wood chips). For analysis, the (parametric) ANOVA and the (nonparametric) Kruskal-Wallis tests were applied. Additionally, the (parametric) two-sample t-test and (non-parametric) Wilcoxon Rank-Sum Test for pairwise comparisons were performed. In each case, the Bonferroni correction was used. The analysis shows a statistical evidence of the presence of differences between the respective average discrete pixel intensity distributions (PID), induced by the histograms in each group of photos, which cannot be explained only by the existing differences among single granules of different materials. The proposed approach may contribute to the development of a fast inspection method for comparison and discrimination of granular materials differing from the reference material, in the production process.

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Authors and Affiliations

Artur Wójcik
Piotr Kościelniak
Marcin Mazur
Thomas G. Mathia

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