Abstract
The poetic system of calendar and ritual folklore is especially characterized by parallelism, which is a stylistic device based on the homogeneous syntactic structure of two or more adjacent language units, mainly text lines, which seem to be symmetric. Parallelism is often supported with an expressive comparison of the ideas which can be called “psychological parallelism” – between the life of nature and fragments of a human life. This helps create the parallel “world of nature” and the “world of a person”. Parallelisms in ritual folklore works make the poetic images of characters, their actions, thoughts and feelings more expressive. Quite often the object and the subject of the action are compared based on the category of movement. Lexical and semantic and syntactic structures in calendar and ritual songs are based on associative and semantic relations as a form of systemic coordination and regularity of folklore thinking and are built upon a similarity of action. The majority of them are related to matrimonial motives. The article also focuses on negative parallelisms. Similar to comparisons, they were first used to specify the essence of the phenomena and only later became the means for any emotional colouring of the main images.
Go to article
Bibliography
Etnohrafichni materialy, zibrani Vasylʹom Kravchenkom na Volyni ta po sumizhnykh huberniyakh, z peredm. M. Hladkoho, Zhytomyr 1911.
Gilevich N.S., Poetika belorusskoy narodnoy liriki. Slovo i obraz. Poeticheskiy sintaksis, zvukozapisʹ i rifma, Minsk 1975.
Ivanytsʹkyy A.I., Istorychnyy syntaksys folʹkloru. Problemy pokhodzhennya, khronolohizatsiyi ta dekoduvamnnya narodnoyi muzyky, Vinnytsya 2009.
Kalendarno‑obryadovi pisni, uporyad., vstup. st. ta prymit. O.Yu. Chebanyuk, Kyyiv 1987.
Kolyadky i shchedrivky, zibr. V. Hnatyuk, t. 1. [v:] Etnohrafichnyy zbirnyk, Lʹviv 1914, t. 35.
Kolyadky ta shchedrivky. Zymova obryadova poeziya trudovoho roku, uporyad. peredm. i prymit. O.I. Deya; notnyy material uporyad. A.I. Humenyuk, Kyyiv 1965.
Kuzelya Z., Yarmarky na divchata. Prychynok do ukrayinsʹkoyi etnolʹogiyi, [v:] Zapysky NTSh, Lʹviv 1913, t. 117‑118.
Makhovsʹka S., Vesilʹni pisni Podillya: zhanrova spetsyfika, osoblyvosti funktsionuvannya, poetyka, Khmelʹnytsʹkyy 2012.
Novykova M., Prasvit ukrayinsʹkykh zamovlyanʹ, [v:] Ukrayinsʹki zamovlyannya, Kyyiv 1993.
Oy day, Bozhe, za rik Kusta dizhdaty. Kustovi pisni, zapysani na Rivnensʹkomu Polissi Viktorom Kovalʹchukom, Rivne 1995.
Petrenko O.R., Verbalizatsiya sakralʹnosti v ukrayinsʹkykh kolyadkakh. Avtoreferat dysertatsiyi na zdobuttya naukovoho stupenya kandydata filolohichnykh nauk, Odesa 2011.
Plisetskiy M.M., Polozhitelʹno‑otritsatelʹnoye sopostavleniye, otritsateʹ’noye sravneniye i parallelizm v slavyanskom folʹklore (Iz ocherkov po istoricheskoy poetike slavyanskogo folʹklora), [v:] Slavyanskiy folʹklor, Moskva 1972.
Potebnya A.A., Iz zapisok po teorii slovesnosti. Poeziya i proza. Tropy i figury. Myshleniye poeticheskoye i mificheskoye, Kharʹkov 1905.
Potebnya A.A, O nekotorykh simvolakh v slavyanskoy narodnoy poezii, [v:] Simvol i mif v narodnoy kulʹture. Sobraniye trudov, sost., podg. tekstov, st. i komment. A.A. Toporkova, Moskva 2000.
Rubchak B., Uvahy do zasobiv narodnoyi poeziyi, „Suchasnistʹ” 1963, № 3.
Trudy etnografichesko‑statisticheskoy ekspeditsii v Zapadno‑Russkiy kray, snaryazhennoy imperatorskim russkim geograficheskim obshchestvom. Yugo‑Zapadnyy otdel. Materialy i issledovaniya, sobr. P.P. Chubinskim, Sankt‑Peterburg 1872, t. 3.
Ukrayinsʹki narodni pisni v zapysakh Mykhayla Haydaya, Kyyiv 2010.
Ukrayinsʹki narodni pisni v zapysakh Zoriana Dolenhy‑Khodakovsʹkoho (z Halychyny, Volyni, Podillya, Prydnipryanshchyny i Polissya), uporyad., tekstoloh. interpretatsiya i komentari O.I. Deya, Kyyiv 1974.
Veselovskiy A.N., Psikhologicheskiy parallelizm i ego formy v otrazheniyakh poeticheskogo stilya, [v:] Ego zhe, Istoricheskaya poetika, Moskva 1989.
Vybrani pratsi z folʹklorystyky, holov. red. H. Skrypnyk; uporyad. M. Mushynka, Kyyiv 2013, t. 2.
Zhayvoronok V., Znaky ukrayinsʹkoyi etnokulʹtury. Slovnyk‑dovidnyk, Kyyiv 2006.
Zilinskiy O., Psikhologicheskiy parallelizm i ego mesto v razvitii pesennogo stilya, [v:] Vybrani pratsi z folʹklorystyky, holov. red. H. Skrypnyk; uporyad. M. Mushynka, Kyyiv 2013, t. 2.
Go to article
en
pl
