Search results

Filters

  • Journals
  • Authors
  • Keywords
  • Date
  • Type

Search results

Number of results: 4
items per page: 25 50 75
Sort by:
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

RADAR plays a vital role in military applications since its origin in the 2nd world war. Recently it has been used in surface inception, health monitoring, infrastructure health monitoring, etc. In these applications, Ultra-wideband RADAR systems are more popular than traditional RADAR systems. Impulse RADAR is a special kind of ultra-wideband RADAR, which is mostly used for surface penetration, through-wall imaging, antimissile detection, anti-stealth technology, etc. because of its high resolution and low center frequency. Out of all these applications, impulse RADAR has been used intensively as a ground-penetrating RADAR for the detection of land mines, underlying pipelines, buried objects, etc. This report has attempted to provide the steps for designing the impulse ground penetrating RADAR (GPR) as well as provides the value of crucial parameters required in the design process of commercial GPR systems.
Go to article

Bibliography

[1] M.G.M. Hussain, “Ultra-wideband impulse RADAR-An overview of the principles,” IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag., vol. 13, no. 9, pp. 9 -14, 1998. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/62.715515.
[2] D. L. Black, “An overview of impulse RADAR phenomenon,” IEEE AES Systems Magazine, pp. 6-11, Dec. 292. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.1992.220600.
[3] M. I. Skolnik, “An Introduction To Impulse RADAR”, 1990.
[4] D. Daniels, “Applications of impulse RADAR technology,” Proc. RADAR Systems (RADAR 97), pp. 667 -672. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1049/cp:19971759.
[5] M. Sato, “Principles of mine detection by ground-penetrating RADAR,”Anti-personnel Landmine Detection for Humanitarian Demining, Springer London, 2009. 19-26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-346-4_2.
[6] M. N. Cohen, “An overview of high range resolution radar techniques,” NTC ’91 - National Telesystems Conference Proceedings, Atlanta, GA, USA, 1991, pp. 107-115, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/NTC.1991.147997.
[7] J. S. Lee and C. Nguyen, “Novel low-cost ultra-wideband, ultra-short-pulse transmitter with MESFET impulse-shaping circuitry for reduced distortion and improved pulse repetition rate,” IEEE Microwave Wireless Compon. Lett. , vol.11, pp. 208 -210, 2001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/7260.923030.
[8] J. S. Lee and C. Nguyen, “Uniplanar picosecond pulse generator using step-recovery diode,” Electron. Lett., vol. 37, pp. 504–506, 2001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1049/el:20010350
[9] J. Han and C. Nguyen, “Ultra-wideband electronically tuneable pulse generators,” IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 112 -114, 2004. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWC.2004.825184.
[10] J. Han and C. Nguyen, “A new ultra-wideband, ultra-short monocycle pulse generator with reduced ringing,” IEEE Microwave Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 12, pp. 206 -208, 2002. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWC.2002.1009996.
[11] Yan Xiao, Zhong-Yong Wang, Li, J., Zi-Lun Yuan , “Design of a Second-Derivative Gaussian pulse generator,” IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing, Communication and Computing (ICSPCC), pp. 1 – 4, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSPCC.2013.6663994.
[12] M.S. Nikoo, S.M.A. Hashemi., “High-Power Nanosecond Pulse Generator With High-Voltage SRD and GDT Switch,” IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. ,vol. 43, no. 9, pp. 3268-3276, Sept. 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2015.2411251.
[13] M. Cavallaro, E. Ragonese and G. Palmisano, “An ultra-wideband transmitter based on a new pulse generator,” Proc. IEEE Radio Freq. Integ. Circuits Symp, pp. 43-46, 2008. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/RFIC.2008.4561382.
[14] El-Gabaly, “Pulsed RF Circuits for Ultra Wideband Communications and RADAR Applications,” Ph.D dissertation, Dept. Elect. Comput. Eng., Queen’s University, Canada, Aug. 2011.
[15] S. Bourdel et. al., “A 9-Pj/Pulse 1.42-Vpp OOK CMOS UWB pulse generator for the 3.1-10.6-GHz FCC band,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 58, no. 1, pp. 65, 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2009.2035959.
[16] Aitykul Omurzakov, Ahmet K. Keskin., “Avalanche Transistor Short Pulse Generator Trials for GPR,” 2016 8th International Conference on Ultra wideband and Ultra short Impulse Signals), Dec. 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/UWBUSIS.2016.7724188.
[17] Ran Zhang, Lai-Liang Song., “Research on narrow pulse generation for ultra-wideband communication,” 2016 13th International Computer Conference on Wavelet Active Media Technology and Information Processing (ICCWAMTIP), Dec. 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCWAMTIP.2016.8079860.
[18] S. Sim, D. Kim and S. Hong, “A CMOS UWB Pulse Generator for 6–10 GHz Applications,” IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 83-85, Feb. 2009, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWC.2008.2011318.
[19] K. Zhou, C. L. Huang and M. Lu, “A nanosecond pulse generator based on avalanche transistor,” 2016 16th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), Hong Kong, 2016, pp. 1-5, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGPR.2016.7572649.
[20] P. Protiva, J. Mrkvica, and J. Macháč, “A compact step recovery diode subnanosecond pulse generator,” Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., 52: 438-440. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.24945 .
[21] T.P. Montoya, G.S. Smith, “A study of pulse radiation from several broad-band loaded monopoles,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 44, no. 8, pp. 1172-1182, Aug 1996. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/8.511827.
[22] David J. Daniels, Ground Penetrating RADAR, 2nd Edition, IET, 2005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1049/PBRA015E.
[23] S. Vitebskiy, L. Carin, M. A. Ressler and F. H. Le, “Ultra-wideband, short-pulse ground-penetrating radar: simulation and measurement,” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 762-772, May 1997, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/36.581999.
[24] M.A. Gonzalez-Huici, U. Uschkerat, V. Seidel, C. Pedlow, “A preliminary study of the radiation characteristic of an experimental GPR antenna for underground cavity detection,” IEEE International Conference on Microwaves, Communications, Antennas and Electronics Systems (COMCAS), 2011, pp. 1-5, 7-9 Nov 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/COMCAS.2011.6105908.
[25] A .P.Annan, Ground Penetrating RADAR Principles, Procedures & Applications, 2003.
[26] Greg Barrie, “UWB Impulse RADAR Characterization and Processing Techniques,” Defence R&D Canada, Ottawa, Tech. Rep. TR 2004-251, Dec. 2004.
[27] Y.J. Park et al., “Development of a UWB GPR System for Detecting Small Objects Buried under Ground,” IEEE Conf. on ultra-wideband systems and Technologies, 2003, pp.384-388. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267869.
[28] M. Yan, M. Tian, L. Gan and X. Chen, “Impulse Ground Penetrating Radar Hardware System Design,” 2006 6th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications, Chengdu, 2006, pp. 1244-1247, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2006.288852.
[29] A.P. Annan, L.T. Chua, “Ground penetrating RADAR performance predictions,” Ground penetrating RADAR, ed. J. Pilon; Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 90-4, pp. 5-13, 1992.
[30] Jeong Soo Lee, Cam Nguyen and T. Scullion, “A novel, compact, low-cost, impulse ground-penetrating radar for nondestructive evaluation of pavements,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 53, no. 6, pp. 1502-1509, Dec. 2004, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TIM.2004.82730.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Saket Kumar
1
Amit Kumar
2
Vikrant Singh
3
Abhishek Kumar Singh
4

  1. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Muzaffarpur Institute of Technology, Muzaffarpur, Bihar, India
  2. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) College of Engineering, Pune, India
  3. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, IIT Guwahati, India
  4. School of Advanced Sciences, Department of Physics, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Naidu, India
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the impact of age, season and ejaculation on ram testicular blood flow and echotexture. The survey was conducted biweekly on 7 Chios rams for one year, including breeding and non-breeding periods. The rams were divided into 2 age groups: 3 rams 2-6 years old (mature) and 4 rams 9-13 years old (old). Hemodynamic indices [Pulsatility index (PI), Resistive index (RI), End-diastolic velocity (EDV), testicular artery Diameter (D), Time-averaged maximum velocity (TAVM), Blood flow volume (BFV)] and echotexture parameters [Mean value (MV), Contrast (Con), Gray value distribution (GVD), Run length distribution (RunLD), Long run emphasis (LRunEm), Entropy (Ent), Correlation (Cor), Standard deviation (StD), Gray variance (GV) and Gradient mean value (GMV)] were evaluated in each testis before and after ejaculation. Ejaculation did not affect testes blood flow or echotexture (p>0.05). PI and RI were higher in the breeding period compared to the non-breeding period, for both testes (p<0.001). Left testis GV and Cor before ejaculation were lower (p=0.01) and higher (p=0.03), respectively, in the breeding compared to the non-breeding period. Left testis D (p=0.005) and BFV (p<0.001) were higher in old compared to mature rams after ejaculation. Right testis Con (p=0.03) and Cor (p=0.05) before ejaculation were higher in old rams, whereas right testis Ent after ejaculation was higher in mature rams (p=0.05). In conclusion, testicular blood flow and echotexture are affected by season and ram age, but not by ejaculation.
Go to article

Bibliography


Ahmadi B, Lau CP, Giffin J, Santos N, Hahnel A, Raeside J, Christie H, Bartlewski P (2012) Suitability of epididymal and testicular ultraso-nography and computerized image analysis for assessment of current and future semen quality in the ram. Exp Biol Med 237: 186-193.

Allison WJ, Barr LL, Massot JR, Berg PG, Krasner BH, Garra BS (1994) Understanding the process of quantitative ultrasonic tissue charac-terization. Radiographics 14: 1099-1108.

Andrade AK, Soares AT, Freitas FF, Silva SV, Pena-Alfaro CE, Batista AM, Guerra MM (2014) Testicular and epididymal ultrasonography in Santa Inês lambs raised in Brazil. Anim Reprod 11: 110-118.

Aschkenasy SV, Muntwyler J, van Der Loo B, Oechslin E, Jenni R (2005) Texture analysis in digitally acquired echocardiographic images: The effect of JPEG compression and video storage. Ultrasound Med Biol 31: 361-366.

Batissaco L, Celeghini EC, Pinaffi FL, de Oliveira BM, de Andrade AF, Recalde EC, Fernandes CB (2013) Correlations between testicular hemodynamic and sperm characteristics in rams. Braz J Vet Res Anim Sci 50: 384-395.

Boyd A, Pozor MA, Bailey CS, Verstegen J (2006) Effect of seasonality on testicular blood flow in mature stallions. Anim Reprod Sci 94: 144-145.

Camela ES, Nociti RP, Santos VJ, Macente BI, Murawski M, Vicente WR, Bartlewski PM, Oliveira ME (2019) Changes in testicular size, echotexture and arterial blood flow associated with the attainment of puberty in Dorper rams raised in a subtropical climate. Reprod Dom Anim 54: 131-137.

Chandolia RK, Bartlewski PM, Omeke BC, Beard AP, Rawlings NC, Pierson RA (1997) Ultrasonography of the developing reproductive tract in ram lambs: effects of a GnRH agonist. Theriogenology 48: 99-117.

Cook JL, Dewbury K (2000) The changes seen on high-resolution ultrasound in orchitis. Clin Radiol 55: 13-18.

Davies Morel MC (2008) Equine reproductive physiology, breeding and stud management. 3rd ed., Wallingford, UK: CAB International.

DesCôteaux L (2010) Practical atlas of ruminant and camelid reproductive ultrasonography. 1st ed., Willey-Blackwell, USA.

Galloway MM (1975) Texture analysis using gray level run lengths. Comp Graph Im Proc 4: 172-179.

Giffin JL, Bartlewski PM, Hahnel AC (2014) Correlations among ultrasonographic and microscopic characteristics of prepubescent ram lamb testes. Exp Biol Med 239: 1606-1618.

Gouletsou PG (2017) Ultrasonographic examination of the scrotal contents in rams. Small Rumin Res152: 100-106.

Gouletsou PG, Amiridis GS, Cripps PJ, Lainas T, Deligiannis K, Saratsis P, Fthenakis GC (2003) Ultrasonographic appearance of clinically healthy testicles and epididymides of rams. Theriogenology 59: 1959-1972.

Hedia MG, El-Belely MS, Ismail ST, El-Maaty AM (2019) Monthly changes in testicular blood flow dynamics and their association with testicular volume, plasma steroid hormones profile and semen characteristics in rams. Theriogenology 123: 68-73.

Marai IF, El-Darawany AA, Fadiel A, Abdel-Hafez MA (2007) Physiological traits as affected by heat stress in sheep-A review. Small Ru-min Res 71: 1-12.

Mittwoch U (1988) Ethnic differences in testicle size: A possible link with the cytogenetics of true hermaphroditism. Hum Reprod 3: 445-449.

Nailon HW (2010) Texture analysis methods of medical image characterization. Biomedical Imaging. ISBN: 978-953-307-071-1, InTech.

Ntemka A, Kiossis E, Boscos C, Theodoridis A, Kourousekos G, Tsakmakidis I (2018) Effects of testicular hemodynamic and echogenicity changes on ram semen characteristics. Reprod Dom Anim 53: 50-55.

Ntemka A, Kiossis E, Boscos C, Theodoridis A, Kourousekos G, Tsakmakidis I (2019) Impact of old age and season on Chios ram semen quality. Small Rumin Res 178: 15-17.

Nutrient Requirements of Sheep (1985) 6th ed., National Academy Press.

Pitas Ι (2010) Digital image processing. 2nd ed., Private edition.

Pozor MA (2007) Evaluation of testicular vasculature in stallions. Clin Tech Equine Pract 6: 271-277.

Pratt WK (1978) Digital image processing. New York, NY, Willey.

Samir H, Nyametease P, Nagaoka K, Watanabe G (2018) Effect of seasonality on testicular blood flow as determined by color Doppler ultra-sonography and hormonal profiles in Shiba goats. Anim Reprod Sci 197: 185-192.

Sarlós P, Egerszegi I, Balogh O, Molnár A, Cseh S, Rátky J (2013) Seasonal changes of scrotal circumference, blood plasma testosterone concentration and semen characteristics in Racka rams. Small Rumin Res 111: 90-95.

Tapping CR, Cast JE (2008) Scrotal ultrasound: a pictorial review. Ultrasound 16: 226-233.

Turner OR (2007) Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management of Testicular Degeneration in Stallions. Clin Tech Equine Pract 4: 278-284.

Valckx FM, Thijssen JM (1997) Characterization of echographic image texture by co-occurrence matrix parameters. Ultrasound Med Biol 23: 559-571.

Vosniakou AG, Doney M, Tsakalof P (1989) A note on the seasonal oestrous period in three breeds of Greek dairy sheep. Anim Sci 49: 147-150.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

A. Ntemka
1
E. Kiossis
1
C. Boscos
1
A. Theodoridis
2
M. Patsikas
3
I. Tsakmakidis
1

  1. Clinic of Farm Animals, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Voutyra 11, 54627, Thessaloniki, Greece
  2. Laboratory of Animal Production Economics, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, P.O. Box 410, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
  3. Laboratory of Diagnostic Imaging, Clinic of Companion Animals, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Voutyra 11, 54627, Thessaloniki, Greece
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

Goose astrovirus (GoAstV) is a novel avastrovirus that typically causes gosling gout and results in 2 to 20% mortality. GoAstV capsid protein is the sole structural protein, which is responsible for viral attachment, assembly, maturation as well as eliciting host antibodies. However, the epitopes within capsid protein have not been well studied. In this study, a monoclonal antibody, named 1D7, was generated against GoAstV capsid protein by hybridoma technology. Western blot results showed that this MAb could react with recombinant capsid protein expressed in E. coli. Also, it recognized the precursor of capsid protein, VP90 and VP70, in GoAstV-infected cells. Besides, excellent specificity of MAb 1D7 was further demonstrated in indirect immunofluorescence assay and immunohistochemical analysis. Epitope mapping results revealed that MAb 1D7 recognized the epitope 33QKVY 36 within Cap protein. Sequence alignment indicated that 33QKVY 36 is a conserved epitope among the isolates of goose astrovirus type 2 (GoAstV-2), suggesting the potential for its use in GoAstV-2 specific diagnostic assay. These findings may provide some insight into a function of the GoAstV capsid protein and further contribute to the development of diagnostic methods for GoAstV infection.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

G. Dai
1 2 3
X. Huang
1 3
Q. Liu
1 3
Y. Li
1 3
L. Zhang
1 3
K. Han
1 3
J. Yang
1 3
Y. Liu
1 3
F. Xue
2
D. Zhao
1 2 4 3

  1. Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210014, PR China
  2. College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Tongwei Road, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province 210095, PR China
  3. Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210014, PR China
  4. Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, 212013, PR China

This page uses 'cookies'. Learn more