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Abstract

Electrical properties of semiconductor materials depend on their defect structure. Point defects, impurities or admixture contained in a semiconductor material, strongly affect its properties and determine the performance parameters of devices made on its basis. The results of the currently used methods of examining the defect structure of semiconductor material are imprecise due to solution of ill-posed equations. These methods do not allow for determination of concentration of the defect centers examined. Improving the resolution of the obtained parameters of defect centers, determining their concentration and studying changes in the resistivity of semi-insulating materials can be carried out, among others, by modelling changes in the concentration of carriers in the conduction and valence bands. This method allows to determine how charge compensation in the material affects the changes in its resistivity. Calculations based on the Fermi-Dirac statistics can complement the experiment and serve as a prediction tool for identifying and characterizing defect centers. Using the material models (GaP, 4H–SiC) presented in the article, it is possible to calculate their resistivity for various concentrations of defect centers in the temperature range assumed by the experimenter. The models of semi-insulating materials presented in the article were built on the basis of results of testing parameters of defect centers with high-resolution photoinduced transient spectroscopy (HRPITS). The current research will allow the use of modelling to determine optimal parameters of semi-insulating semiconductor materials for use in photoconductive semiconductor switches (PCSS).
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Authors and Affiliations

Marek Suproniuk
1

  1. Military University of Technology, Faculty of Electronics, Institute of Electronic Systems, gen. S. Kaliskiego 2, Warsaw
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Abstract

The article reports three experiments conducted to determine whether musicians possess better ability of recognising the sources of natural sounds than non-musicians. The study was inspired by reports which indicate that musical training develops not only musical hearing, but also enhances various non-musical auditory capabilities. Recognition and detection thresholds were measured for recordings of environmental sounds presented in quiet (Experiment 1) and in the background of a noise masker (Experiment 2). The listener’s ability of sound source recognition was inferred from the recognition-detection threshold gap (RDTG) defined as the difference in signal level between the thresholds of sound recognition and sound detection. Contrary to what was expected from reports of enhanced auditory abilities of musicians, the RDTGs were not smaller for musicians than for non-musicians. In Experiment 3, detection thresholds were measured with an adaptive procedure comprising three interleaved stimulus tracks with different sounds. It was found that the threshold elevation caused by stimulus interleaving was similar for musicians and non-musicians. The lack of superiority of musicians over non-musicians in the auditory tasks explored in this study is explained in terms of a listening strategy known as casual listening mode, which is a basis for auditory orientation in the environment.

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Authors and Affiliations

Andrzej Miśkiewicz
Teresa Rościszewska
Jan Żera
Jacek Majer
Barbara Okoń-Makowska
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Abstract

The free piston linear generator is a new range extender concept for the application in a full electric vehicle. The free piston engine driven linear generators can achieve high efficiency at part and full load which is suitable for the range extender application. This paper presents requirements for designing a linear generator deduced from a basic analysis of a free piston linear generator.

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Authors and Affiliations

Un-Jae Seo
Björn Riemer
Rüdiger Appunn
Kay Hameyer

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