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Heat transfer and friction characteristics in three-side solar air heaters with the combination of multi-v and transverse wire roughness

Dhananjay Kumar
Archives of Thermodynamics | 2023 | vol. 44 | No 1 | 63-87 | DOI: 10.24425/ather.2023.145877
Keywords Absorber plate Fluid flow Heat transfer Solar air heater Reynolds number Relative roughness height
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Abstract

The present paper describes the experimental analysis of heat transfer and friction factor for glass protected three-side artificially roughened rectangular duct solar air heaters (SAHs) having an arrangement of multiple-v and transverse wires (top wall multi-v and two side walls transverse) under the absorber plate, and compares their performance with that of one-side roughened solar air heaters under similar operating conditions. The investigated three-side solar air heaters are characterized by a larger rate of heat transfer and friction factor as compared to one-side artificially roughened SAHs by 24–76% and 4–36%, respectively, for the identical operating parameters. The air temperature below the three-side rugged duct is by 34.6% higher than that of the one-side roughened duct. Three-side solar air heaters are superior as compared to one-side artificially roughened solar air heaters qualitatively and quantitatively both.
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Authors and Affiliations

Dhananjay Kumar
1
  1. B.A. College of Engineering and Technology, Ghutia, P.O. Barakhurshi Jamshedpur, Jharkhand 832304, India

Application of innovative solutions to improve the efficiency of the LPC flow part of the 220 MW NPP steam turbine

Andrii Rusanov Viktor Subotin Viktor Shvetsov Roman Rusanov Serhii Palkov Ihor Palkov Marina Chugay
Archives of Thermodynamics | 2022 | vol. 43 | No 1 | 63-87 | DOI: 10.24425/ather.2022.140925
Keywords Steam turbine Low-pressure cylinder Flow part Meridional contours Spatial flow Computational investigations
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Abstract

The results of the gas-dynamic calculation of the low-pressure cylinder flow part of the K-220-44 type steam turbine intended for operation at nuclear power plants are presented. The ways of the flow part improvement were determined. Some of those ways include the use of innovative approaches that were not previously used in steam turbines. The design of the new flow part was carried out on the basis of a comprehensive methodology implemented in the IPMFlow software package. The methodology includes gas-dynamic calculations of various levels of complexity, as well as methods for analytical construction of the spatial shape of the blade tracts based on a limited number of parameterized values. The real thermodynamic properties of water and steam were taken into account in 3D calculations of turbulent flows. At the final step, end-to-end 3D calculations of the lowpressure cylinder that consists of 5 stages were performed. The technology of parallel computing was applied in those calculations. It is shown that due to the application of innovative solutions, a significant increase in efficiency can be achieved in the developed low-pressure cylinder.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Andrii Rusanov
1
Viktor Subotin
2
Viktor Shvetsov
2
Roman Rusanov
1
Serhii Palkov
1 2
Ihor Palkov
1 2
Marina Chugay
1
  1. The A.N. Podgorny Institute for Mechanical Engineering Problems, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Pozharsky 2/10, 61046 Kharkiv, Ukraine
  2. JSC “Ukrainian Energy Machines” Moskovsky 199, 61037 Kharkiv, Ukraine

Composing inscriptions in the 18th century Gdańsk: the case of the textbook “Fundamenta stili cultioris” by Johann Gottlieb Heinecke

Jacek Pokrzywnicki
Libri Gedanenses | 2022 | vol. 39 | 63-87 | DOI: 10.24425/libriged.2022.145669
Keywords Inscriptions – composition Danzig Gdańsk textbook “Fundamenta stili cultioris” Johann Gottlieb Heinecke
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Abstract

The article discusses the principles of composing inscriptions which might have been familiar to the inhabitants of 18th century Gdańsk. Johann Gottlieb Heinecke’s textbook on Latin stylistics, “Fundamenta stili cultioris”, was one of the most well-known sources of theoretical knowledge on this matter. There are testimonies of the use of the textbook by professors of the Academic Gymnasium: Gottfried Lengnich (1689-1774) and Gottlieb Wernsdorf (1717-1774). Johann Gottlieb Heinecke proposed that inscriptions be primarily divided into ones made in the old style and ones made in the new style. The old style was referred to as lapidaris, while the new one was called stilus recentior. The former assumed brevity and simplicity of expression, while the latter allowed more freedom in terms of the form adopted. The inscriptions made in this latter style also had a more complex and varied vocabulary. According to Heinecke, the optimal structure of an inscription should be tripartite. This universal pattern could have been used everywhere, e.g. in inscriptions on buildings, or on tombstones. This tripartite structure is also present in the extant epitaph of the aforementioned Gottlieb Wernsdorf himself.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jacek Pokrzywnicki
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Instytut Studiów Klasycznych i Slawistyki, Wydział Filologiczny, Uniwersytet Gdański, ul. Wita Stwosza 55, 80-308 Gdańsk

The Effect of Cascade-Building on the Heavy Metals Content in Bottom Sediments of Gliwice Channel

Maciej Kostecki
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2001 | vol. 27 | No 4 | 63-87
Keywords bottom sediments heavy metals cascade-building
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Abstract

The results of the first (since 1939) investigation of Gliwice Channel have been presented. The concentrations of mobiles and constant forms of heavy metals in the bottom sediments have been given. The changes range was: for chromium 4.8-463.2 mg Cr/kg, for cadmium 0.6-18.2 mg Cd/kg, for lead 4-197 mg Pb/kg, for cupric 6-2152 mg Cu/kg, for manganese 33-1664 mg Mn/kg, for nickel 5-85.2 mg Ni/kg, for zinc 64-2244 mg Zn/kg, for iron 2080-94080 mg Fe/kg. The percent participation of stable forms of chromium decreases during longitude profile of canal whereas participation of mobile forms is increases. The stable and mobile forms of cadmium (Cd) increase. The concentrations of stable and mobile form of lead (Pb) decrease. The percent participation of stable forms of copper (Cu) is high (82- 100%). On total longitude of canal the participation of mobile forms of manganese (Mn) increases, but stable forms have advantage. For nickel (Ni) the stable forms are prevail too (form 55% to 81%). The participation of mobile forms of zinc (Zn) is 18% to 60%. The sharply outlined relationship between metals and organic matter concentrations indicates the significance in the metals transport processes from water to bottom sediments. Consequently, pollution of bottom sediments by heavy metals is the secondary result of organic substances of water enrichment. The relationships between total metals and iron (Fe) concentration points to the role of heavy metals stable amalgamations with amorphous ferric oxides. The cascade character and pulsatory water flow of Gliwice Channel makes the concentrations of heavy metals in bottom sediments successfully decrease in each canal section. At the same time, in each section of the canal gradual increase in metals concentration occurs and the maximum values for all determinated metals are present just before sluices closing sections. The best ecological effect, from the economical point of view, is obtained by bottom sediment removal on the about 1 km sectors over each of the sluice.
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Authors and Affiliations

Maciej Kostecki

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