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Number of results: 3
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Abstract

Smart farming is about managing a farm using modern information and communication techniques in order to increase the efficiency and quality of plant and animal production and to optimise human labour inputs. It is an inseparable part of a sustainable agricultural economy, where energy-saving and low-emission solutions are of particular importance, e.g. in livestock construction. Animal buildings are one of the main building elements of a farm. The paper presents the use of modern solutions that may result in lower energy consumption, and thus lower operating costs of the building. They also reduce the consumption of natural resources and the emission of pollutants, and ensure animal welfare and safety of the operators’ work. Rational use of energy depends, among others, on from the used insulation materials for the construction of livestock buildings, technical equipment, i.e. lighting, heating, ventilation, as well as zootechnical devices. The profitability of livestock production can also be supported by the use of solar, wind, water and biomass energy. Photovoltaic cells, solar collectors, wind turbines, heat pumps and agricultural biogas plants are used for this purpose.
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Authors and Affiliations

Anna M. Bartkowiak
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Institute of Technology and Life Sciences – National Research Institute, Falenty, Hrabska Av. 3, 05-090 Raszyn
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Abstract

Pretreatment is aimed at making lignin structures, which in turn causes decrystallisation and depolymerisation of cellulose. This treatment allows to increase the energy potential of substrates. A properly selected method allows for obtaining larger amounts of biogas with a high content of biomethane. The aim of the study was to analyse selected pretreatment methods (ultrasonic and hydrothermal) for biogas yield, including biomethane, and to demonstrate the effectiveness of obtaining additional electricity and heat from these methods. It was based on the literature data. On basis the study, the following information was obtained: average yield of biogas and biomethane before and after treatment, difference in yield of biogas and biomethane after treatment, and the effect of treatment on the substrate used. Moreover, an estimate was made of the effectiveness of obtaining additional electricity and heat from selected pretreatment methods compared to hard coal. Based on the analysis of the ultrasonic treatment analysis, it was shown that the best result was obtained with the ultrasound treatment of the mixture of wheat straw and cattle manure with the following parameters: frequency 24 kHz, temperature 44.30°C, time 21.23 s. This allowed a 49% increase in biogas production. The use of pretreatment would therefore allow the production of more electricity and heat capable of replacing conventional heat sources such as coal.
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Authors and Affiliations

Milena Piątek
1
ORCID: ORCID
Anna M. Bartkowiak
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. International Academy of Applied Sciences in Łomża, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering and Technology, Studencka St 19, 18-402 Łomża, Poland
  2. Institute of Technology and Life Sciences – National Research Institute, Hrabska Av. 3, Falenty, 05-090 Raszyn, Poland
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Abstract

Nowadays, in order to ensure high quality of municipal services, and thus a high quality of life for the local community, the authorities of both the basic local government unit and managers of municipal enterprises must strive to maintain high standards of sustainable development. The level of quality of life and services provided can be determined by various dimensions, such as: ecological environment, housing conditions, ecological production in the field of consumer goods, balance between built-up areas and green areas, care for agricultural areas, limiting the deepening social stratification, rational economy water or rational waste management. Therefore, the paper presents a theoretical analysis of the main directions of sustainable development in the activities of municipal enterprises.
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Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Bartkowiak
1
ORCID: ORCID
Anna M. Bartkowiak
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Poznan University of Economics and Business, Department of Investments and Real Estate, Niepodległości Av. 10, 61-875 Poznań, Poland
  2. Institute of Technology and Life Sciences – National Research Institute, Falenty, Hrabska Av. 3, 05-090 Raszyn

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