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Abstract

Coursing is a canine sport discipline invented for sighthounds. The dogs chase the mechanically operated lure on an open area at the track that consists of straight lines as well as turns. Thus, the dogs must rely mainly on their sight in order to chase the lure and to compete.
Whippets are the most popular sighthound breed in Poland and more and more dogs practice lure coursing on professional level. Several ocular disorders are known or presumed to be inherited in Whippets, so we decided to check how often they occur amongst competing dogs and if they have any impact on the results during competitions.
Forty-five regularly competing Whippets underwent complete ophthalmic examination, including evaluation of menace response, pupillary light reflex and dazzle reflex, biomicroscopic examination conducted before and after dilating pupils with topical tropicamide and fundus examination with indirect ophthalmoscopy. Refractive state of each eye was assessed via streak retinoscopy.
Ocular abnormalities were identified in 24 dogs (53.3%). The most common finding was vitreous degeneration identified in 9 dogs (20%), five dogs presented multiple lesions. There were no statistically significant differences regarding sex, age, and ranking points between the dogs with and without lesions.
However, some of the identified lesions are likely to progress, so we postulate that the ophthalmological examination should receive more attention in sport Whippets, to check if it has any impact on competing dogs at more advanced age.
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Bibliography

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2. .Act of 13 October 1995 on hunting law, Dz. U. 1995 Nr 147 poz. 713 https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/download.xsp/WDU19951470713/U/D19950713Lj.pdf (Accessed on 3 February 2023)
3. Balicki I, Goleman M, Balicka A (2021) Ocular Abnormalities in Polish Hunting Dogs. Plos One 5; 16(11): e0258636
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5. Coursing Polish Cup Results, 2021 https://coursing24.eu/ cupResultsPublic/2 (Accessed on 5 January 2023).
6. Crasta M, Arteaga K, Barachetti L, Guandalini A (2022) A multicenter retrospective evaluation of the prevalence of known and presumed heredi-tary eye diseases in Lagotto Romagnolo dog breed within a referral population in Italy (2012-2020). Vet Ophthalmol 25: 426-433
7. Day G, Powers M, Gyes N, Plummer L (2015) Visual Disorders in Agility Dogs with Jumping Problems. http://www. awe-somepaws.us/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/caninevision-project.pdf (Accessed on 3 February 2023)
8. de Oliveira JK, Bortolini M, Schaller M, Schuchmann RK, Moore BA, Montiani-Ferreira F (2020) The ophthalmic health and refractive state of working dogs in South Brazil. Open Vet J 10: 22-30. ECVO Manual: Breeds, 2021 https://www.ecvo.eu/media/ whippet.pdf (Accessed on 3 February 2023)
9. FCI International Guidelines for Lure Coursing Judges. www.fci.be (Accessed on 3 February 2023) Guandalini A, Di Girolamo N, Corvi R, Santillo D, Andreani V, Pinzo B (2017) Epidemiology of ocular disorders presumed to be inherited in three small Italian dog breeds in Italy. Vet Ophthalmol 21: 524-529. Hodowle – Whippety w Polsce (2022) http://www.whippety. topcharty.net/hodowle.php (Accessed on 11 November 2022)
10. Karamatic S, Goode R, Bageswaran N, Willet CE, Samaha G, Fergusion R, Mazrier H, Wade CM (2022) Genome-Wide Association Analysis for Chronic Superficial Keratitis in the Australian Racing Greyhound. Genes 13: 1328.
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13. Kubai MA, Bentley E, Miller PE, Mutti DO, Murphy CJ (2008) Refractive states of eyes and association between ametropia and breed in dogs. Amer J Vet Res 69: 946-951.
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18. Somma AT, Moreno JC, Sato MT, Rodrigues BD, Bacellar-Galdino M, Occelli LM, Petersen-Jones SM, Montiani-Ferreira F (2017) Characteriza-tion of a novel form of progressive retinal atrophy in Whippet dogs: a clinical, electroretinographic, and breeding study. Vet Ophthalmol 20: 450-459.
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Authors and Affiliations

K. Miazga
1 2
J Tomkowicz
3
J Wilczak
4
A. Cywińska
5

  1. Department of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
  2. Municipal Zoological Garden in Warsaw, Ratuszowa 1/3, 03‑461 Warsaw, Poland
  3. Veterinary Ophtalmology Center “EyeVet”, Chałupnicza 67, 51-503 Wrocław, Poland
  4. Department of Physiology, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
  5. Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Lwowska 1, 87-100, Torun, Poland
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Abstract

The subject of the study was the production and characterization of three ceramic-metal graded composites, which differed in addition of the metallic phase. The following composites systems were investigated: Al2O3-Mo, Al2O3-Cu, Al2O3-W. Composites were produced by centrifugal slip casting method. This technique combines the classic casting of the slurry into porous molds with the action of centrifugal force. As a result, sleeve-shaped shapes with a metallic phase gradient were obtained. X-ray phase analysis have not revealed new phases in the produced composites. The type of metallic phase and its distribution in the ceramic matrix influenced the hardness of the produced composites.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Wachowski
W. Kaszuwara
A. Miazga
K. Konopka
J. Zygmuntowicz
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Abstract

During architectural and archaeological studies conducted in 1983 and 1985 at the site of medieval Ołbin Abbey, located in the Wrocław quarter of Ołbin, eight coins were found; six of them were analysed. These are late medieval and modern coins. All coins were precisely identified and described. Studies of the elemental composition of coins were undertaken with a non-destructive method, using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. The results of analyses showed that coins were made from an alloy of copper and silver with varied content of main elements.
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Authors and Affiliations

Paweł Milejski
ORCID: ORCID
Beata Miazga
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Abstract

The paper presents the possibility of fabricating ceramic-metal composites by an innovative method of centrifugal slip casting in the magnetic field. It was examined whether the use of this method would allow obtaining a gradient concentration of metal particles in the ceramic matrix. In the applied technique, the horizontal rotation axis was used. The study investigated the effect of solid phase content on the properties and microstructure of the products. Water-based suspensions with 35, 40, 45 and 50 vol.% of solid-phase content were prepared with 10 vol.% additional of nickel powder. The viscosity of prepared slurries was considered. The gradient distribution of nickel particles in the zirconia matrix was observed on SEM. Vickers hardness of ZrO2-Ni composites has been measured. The research revealed that the physical properties depend on the volume fraction of solid content and increase as the volume of solid content increases.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Wachowski
ORCID: ORCID
R. Kosturek
ORCID: ORCID
H. Winkler
A. Miazga
P. Lada
W. Kaszuwara
K. Konopka
J. Zygmuntowicz

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