In this paper, the definitions of the space and projection systems, used in the mathematical model, have been shown. The projection system, situation of the plane and the projection centre have been established. The concept of the model of perspective projection process has been described: the stages of the geometrical data process (3D objects included in Electronic Navigation Chart- ENC) realized during projection process. Separately were considered the issues of changing of the reference plane and the projection centre with respect to the geocentrical reference system and movement of the ship as the geometrical object containing the reference system. They constitute a basis for preparing the conception of connecting the moving ship with the observer reference system using three established, nonlinear points (with known position with respect to the geocentrical reference system) placed on ship's board and with the horizontal topocentric reference system.

The paper presents the results of research on the possibilities of fixing ship position coordinates based on results of surveying bearings on navigational marks with the use of the CCD camera. Accuracy of the determination of ship position coordinates, expressed in terms of the mean error, was assumed to be the basic criterion of this estimation. The first part of the paper describes the method of the determination of the resolution and the mean error of the angle measurement, taken with a camera, and also the method of the determination of the mean error of position coordinates when two or more bearings were measured. There have been defined three software applications assigned for the development of navigational sea charts with accuracy areas mapped on. The second part contains the results of studying accuracy in fixing ship position coordinates, carried out in the Gulf of Gdansk, with the use of bearings taken obtained with the Rolleiflex and Sony cameras. The results are presented in a form of diagrams of the mean error of angle measurement, also in the form of navigational charts with accuracy fields mapped on. In the final part, basing on results obtained, the applicability of CCD cameras in automation of coastal navigation performance process is discussed.

The Paper presents the optical method of fixing the off-shore objects positions from the land. The method is based on application of two reference points, having the geographical coordinates de fined. The first point was situated high on the sea shore, where also the camera was installed. The second point was intended for use to determine the topocentric horizon plane and it was situated at the water-level. The first section of the Paper contains the definition of space and disposed therein reference systems: connected with the Earth, water-level and the camera system. The second section of the Paper provides a description of the survey system model and the principles of the Charge Coupled Device – CCD array pixel’s coordinates (plate coordinates) transformation into the geographic coordinates located on the water-level. In the final section there are presented the general rules of using the worked out method in the optical system.