The pole phase modulation (PPM) technique is an effective method to extend speed range and torque capabilities for an integrated starter and hybrid electric vehicles applications. In this paper, the five pole-phase combination types of a multiphase induction motor (IM) with 36 stator slots and 36 stator conductors are presented and compared quantitatively by using the time-stepping finite element method (TS-FEM). The 36 stator conductors of the proposed multiphase IM are fed by a 36 leg inverter and the current phase angle and amplitude of each stator conductor can be controlled independently. This paper focuses on the winding connection, the PPM technique and the performance comparative analysis of each pole-phase combination types of the proposed multiphase IM. The flux distribution, air-gap flux density, output torque, core losses and efficiency of five pole-phase combination types have been investigated.

The recently proposed q-rung orthopair fuzzy set (q-ROFS) characterized by a membership degree and a non-membership degree is powerful tool for handling uncertainty and vagueness. This paper proposes the concept of q-rung orthopair linguistic set (q-ROLS) by combining the linguistic term sets with q-ROFSs. Thereafter, we investigate multi-attribute group decision making (MAGDM) with q-rung orthopair linguistic information. To aggregate q-rung orthopair linguistic numbers ( q-ROLNs), we extend the Heronian mean (HM) to q-ROLSs and propose a family of q-rung orthopair linguistic Heronian mean operators, such as the q-rung orthopair linguistic Heronian mean (q-ROLHM) operator, the q-rung orthopair linguistic weighted Heronian mean (q-ROLWHM) operator, the q-rung orthopair linguistic geometric Heronian mean (q-ROLGHM) operator and the q-rung orthopair linguistic weighted geometric Heronian mean (q-ROLWGHM) operator. Some desirable properties and special cases of the proposed operators are discussed. Further, we develop a novel approach to MAGDM within q-rung orthopair linguistic context based on the proposed operators. A numerical instance is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness and superiorities of the proposed method.

Electronic voltage transformers (EVT) and electronic current transformers (ECT) are important instruments in a digital substation. For simple, rapid and convenient development, the paper proposed an on-site calibration system for electronic instrument transformers based on LabVIEW. In the system, analog signal sampling precision and dynamic range are guaranteed by the Agilent 3458A digital multimeter, and data synchronization is also achieved based on a self-developed PCI synchronization card. To improve the measurement accuracy, an error correction algorithm based on the Hanning window interpolation FFT has good suppression of frequency fluctuation and inter-harmonics interference. The human-computer interface and analysis algorithm are designed based on LabVIEW, and the adaptive communication technology is designed based on IEC61850 9-1/2. The calibration system can take into account pairs of digital output and analog output of the electronic voltage/current transformer calibration. The results of system tests show that the calibration system can meet the requirements of 0.2 class calibration accuracy, and the actual type test and on-site calibration also show that the system is easy to operate with convenience and satisfactory stability.

This paper describes the design and test of a new high-current electronic current transformer based on a Rogowski coil. For better performances, electronic current transformers are used to replace conventional electro-magnetic inductive current transformers based on ferromagnetic cores and windings to measure high-current on the high voltage distribution grids. The design of a new high-current electronic current transformer is described in this paper. The principal schemes of the prototype and partial evaluation results are presented. Through relative tests it is known that the prototype has a wide dynamic range and frequency band, and it can allow high accuracy measurements.

The recently proposed q-rung dual hesitant fuzzy sets ( q-RDHFSs) not only deal with decision makers’ (DMs’) hesitancy and uncertainty when evaluating the performance of alternatives, but also give them great liberty to express their assessment information comprehensively. This paper aims to propose a new multiple attribute decision-making (MADM) method where DMs’ evaluative values are in form of q-rung dual hesitant fuzzy elements ( q-RDHFEs). Firstly, we extend the powerful Schweizer-Sklar q-norm and t-conorm (SSTT) to q-RDHFSs and propose novel operational rules of q-RDHFEs. The prominent advantage of the proposed operations is that they have important parameters q and r, making the information fusion procedure more flexible. Secondly, to effectively cope with the interrelationship among attributes, we extend the Hamy mean (HM) to q-RDHFSs and based on the newly developed operations, we propose the q-rung dual hesitant fuzzy Schweizer-Sklar Hamy mean ( q-RDHFSSHM) operator, and the q-rung dual hesitant fuzzy Schweizer-Sklar weighted Hamy mean ( q-RDHFSSWHM) operator. The properties of the proposed operators, such as idempotency, boundedness and monotonicity are discussed in detail. Third, we propose a new MADM method based on the q-RDHFSSWHM operator and give the main steps of the algorithm. Finally, the effectiveness, flexibility and advantages of the proposed method are discussed through numerical examples.

The ability of q-rung dual hesitant fuzzy sets (q-RDHFSs) in dealing with decision makers’ fuzzy evaluation information has received much attention. This main aim of this paper is to propose new aggregation operators of q-rung dual hesitant fuzzy elements and employ them in multi-attribute decision making (MADM). In order to do this, we first propose the power dual Maclaurin symmetric mean (PDMSM) operator by integrating the power geometric (PG) operator and the dual Maclaurin symmetric mean (DMSM). The PG operator can reduce or eliminate the negative influence of decision makers’ extreme evaluation values, making the final decision results more reasonable. The DMSM captures the interrelationship among multiple attributes. The PDMSM takes the advantages of both PG and DMSM and hence it is suitable and powerful to fuse decision information. Further, we extend the PDMSM operator to q-RDHFSs and propose q-rung dual hesitant fuzzy PDMSM operator and its weighted form. Properties of these operators are investigated. Afterwards, a new MADM method under q-RDHFSs is proposed on the basis on the new operators. Finally, the effectiveness of the new method is testified through numerical examples.

For fault detection of doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG), in this paper, a method of sliding mode observer (SMO) based on a new reaching law (NRL) is proposed. The SMO based on the NRL (NRL- SMO) theoretically eliminates system chatter caused by the reaching law and can be switched in time with system interference in terms of robustness and smoothness. In addition, the sliding mode control law is used as the index of fault detection. Firstly, this paper gives the NRL with the theoretically analyzes. Secondly, according to the mathematical model of DFIG, NRL-SMO is designed, and its analysis of stability and robustness are carried out. Then this paper describes how to choose the optimal parameters of the NRL-SMO. Finally, three common wind turbine system faults are given, which are DFIG inter-turn stator fault, grid voltage drop fault, and rotor current sensor fault. The simulation models of the DFIG under different faults is established. The simulation results prove that the superiority of the method of NRL-SMO in state tracking and the feasibility of fault detection.

This paper aims to propose a new multi-attribute decision making (MADM) method in complicated and fuzzy decision-making environment. To express both decision makers (DMs’) quantitative and qualitative evaluation information comprehensively and consider their high hesitancy in giving their assessment values in MADM process, we combine q-rung dual hesitant fuzzy sets (q-RDHFSs) with uncertain linguistic variables and develop a new tool, called the q-rung dual hesitant uncertain linguistic sets (q-RDHULSs). First, the definition, operations and comparison method of q-RDHULSs are proposed. Second, given the interrelationship among multiple q-rung dual hesitant uncertain linguistic variables (q-RDHULVs) we introduce some aggregation operators (AOs) to fuse q-rung dual hesitant uncertain linguistic (q-RDHUL) information based on the Muirhead mean, i.e. the q-RDHUL Muirhead mean operator, the q- RDHUL weighted Muirhead mean operator, the q-RDHUL dual Muirhead mean operator, and the q-RDHUL weighted dual Muirhead mean operator. To cope with MADM problems with q-RDHUL information, we propose a new method based on the proposed AOs. Afterwards, we apply the proposed method to an enterprise informatization level evaluation problem to verify its effectiveness. In addition, we also explain why our proposed method is more powerful and flexible than others.

This paper reports an experimental on the flexural performance of prestressed concrete-encased high-strength steel beams (PCEHSSBs). To study the applicability of high-strength steel (HSS) in prestressed concrete-encased steel beams (PCESBs), one simply supported prestressed concrete-encased ordinarystrength steel beam (PCEOSSB) and eight simply supported PCEHSSBs were tested under a four-point bending load. The influence of steel strength grade, I-steel ratio, reinforcement ratio and stirrup ratio on the flexural performance of such members was investigated. The test results show that increasing the I-steel grade and I-steel ratio can significantly improve the bearing capacity of PCESB. Increasing the compressive reinforcement ratio of PCEHSSB can effectively improve its bearing capacity and ductility properties, making full use of the performance of HSS in composite beams. Increasing the hoop ratio has a small improvement on the load capacity of the test beams; setting up shear connectors can improve the ductile properties of the specimens although it does not lead to a significant increase in the load capacity of the combined beams. Then, combined with the test data, the comprehensive reinforcement index considering the location of reinforcement was proposed to evaluate the crack resistance of specimens. The relationship between the comprehensive reinforcement index and the crack resistance of specimens was given.