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Shoreline dynamics of Calypsostranda (NW Wedel Jarlsberg Land, Svalbard) during the last century

Piotr Zagórski
Polish Polar Research | 2011 | No 1 | 67-99 | DOI: 10.2478/v10183−011−0004−x
Keywords Arctic Spitsbergen coastalzone shoreline changes sediment supply
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Abstract

A 6 km long stretch of the coast of Calypsostranda between Skilvika and Josephbukta, situated on the western side of Recherchefjorden, was investigated. It is made of an accumulative marine terrace at a height of 2–8 m a.s.l. (terrace 1) and width of 40–180 m, divided by a cliffed section in the frontal moraines of Renardbreen. From the character and intensity of changes, the area was divided into 6 zones. The aim was to analyse the dynamics of changes within coastal zone from 1936 to 2007 and to characterise the influence of various morphogenetic factors (marine, fluvial, cryospheric). The important element of this study has been to determine sources and directions of sediment transport. The dynamics of changes of coastal zone in the Calypsostranda region was established from archival maps and precise GPS measurements for the periods: 1936–1960, 1960–1990, 1990–2000, 2000–2005, 2005–2006, 2006–2007. Comparing the extension of shoreline between 1936 and 2007 showed that there was more erosion than accumulation. Nearly 110 000 m 2 of the area of terrace 1 decreased, whereas about 77 000 m 2 appeared. The net balance for 1936–2007 was about −32 700 m 2 , on average over the whole length of the shoreline, it re − treated by 5.7 m (0.08 m a −1 ). The cease of sediment delivery in the extramarginal sandur fans area of Renardbreen caused intensification of marine processes, that made the shore − line retreat by over 100 m. Continuing sediment delivery from the Scottelva catchment, with contribution of material from erosion of the north end of the shoreline studies, caused the aggradation of coastal zone by over 60 m near its mouth.
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Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Zagórski
ORCID: ORCID

Changes in the extent and geometry of the Scott Glacier, Spitsbergen

Piotr Zagórski Krzysztof Siwek Andrzej Gluza Stefan A. Bartoszewski
Polish Polar Research | 2008 | vol. 29 | No 2 | 163-185
Keywords Spitsbergen Scott Glacier glacier geometry surface ablation GIS analysis
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Abstract

Spitsbergen glaciers react rapidly to changes in the polar environment, which is expressed in differences in extent of their fronts and surface geometry. The Scott Glacier, which is situated in the NW part of Wedel Jarlsberg Land, is an example of the glacier that has undergone almost continuous recession since the Little Ice Age, interrupted by surges. The variations in recession are characterised based on multiannual data with particularly consideration of the period 1990–2005 and the season 2005/2006. Acceleration of front recession and lowering the surface was found only within the tongue up to a height of about 220 m a.s.l. Whereas, in the area situated in the zone of rock steps and above in the ablation zone, the change of glacier surface ablation (Dh) has been recorded compared to the mean annual recession for the period 1990–2005. Moreover, for the upper firn field, the positive surface ablation (DhS7 = +0.19 m) was observed. As the result of progressive reduction of the Scott Glacier mass, with the participation of other factors (bedrock relief among others), new surfaces of roche moutonnée are uncovering particularly in the tongue zone.

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Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Zagórski
Krzysztof Siwek
Andrzej Gluza
Stefan A. Bartoszewski

Short-term development of Arctic beach system: Case study of wave control on beach morphology and sedimentology (Calypsostranda, Bellsund, Svalbard)

Piotr Zagórski Karolina Mędrek Mateusz Moskalik Jan Rodzik Agnieszka Herman Łukasz Pawłowski Marek Jaskólski
Polish Polar Research | 2019 | vol. 40 | No 2 | 79-104 | DOI: 10.24425/ppr.2019.128368
Keywords Arctic Spitsbergen photogrammetric granulometry sediment texture impact of waves
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Abstract

The objective of this research is to determine the impact of waves on the segregation of sediment within the area of its supply in the context of meteorological conditions. The research was conducted on a 4 km section of the shore of Calypsostranda (Bellsund, West Spitsbergen), shaped by waves such as swell, wind waves, and tides. Particular attention was paid to the diversity and variability of the surface texture within the intertidal zone. Meteorological measurements, recording of wave climate, as well as analysis of the grain-size distribution of the beach sediments were performed. Nearshore bathymetry, longshore drifts, episodic sediment delivery from land, as well as resistance of the shore to coastal erosion and direction of transport of sediments in the shore zone are important factors controlling shore development. Data show that wind waves contribute to erosion and discharge of material from the nearshore and intertidal zone. The research also shows that oceanic swell, altered by diffraction, reaching the shore of Calypsostranda contributes to better sorting of sediment deposited on the shore through washing it out from among gravels, and longshore transport of its finest fraction. The grain size distribution of shore sediments is significantly changed already during one tidal cycle. The degree of this modification depends not only on wave height and period but on the direction of wave impact. The shore of Calypsostranda can be regarded as transitional between high and low energy coasts.

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Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Zagórski
Karolina Mędrek
Mateusz Moskalik
Jan Rodzik
Agnieszka Herman
Łukasz Pawłowski
Marek Jaskólski

Wiek a uczestnictwo wyborcze w Polsce: cykl życia, okres, kohorta

Mikołaj Cześnik Piotr Zagórski
Studia Socjologiczne | 2022 | No 4 | 41-66 | DOI: 10.24425/sts.2022.143582
Keywords cykl życia pokolenia uczestnictwo wyborcze
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Abstract

Celem artykułu jest sproblematyzowanie relacji między wiekiem a uczestnictwem wyborczym w Polsce, ich syntetyczne omówienie, a także analiza empiryczna. Mają one znaczenie dla wielu aspektów i obszarów życia społecznego, politycznego, gospodarczego, a szczególnej wagi nabierają współcześnie, w dobie fundamentalnych zmian demograficznych zachodzących w Polsce. Przeprowadzone przez nas analizy potwierdzają, odwołując się do najlepszych publicznie dostępnych danych empirycznych (PGSW), istnienie wyraźnych związków między wiekiem a uczestnictwem wyborczym. Te związki mają znaczenie dla procesu demokratycznego i politycznej reprezentacji. Rosnące dysproporcje między poszczególnymi grupami wiekowymi skutkują zmianą poziomu ich reprezentacji. Analiza wpływu wieku na wyborcze uczestnictwo (cyklu życiowego, okresu/momentu historycznego, kohorty) wskazuje na większe znaczenie cyklu życia i (względnie) mniejsze znaczenie doświadczeń pokoleniowych, generacyjnych, kohortowych. Odnotowywane w Polsce systematyczne różnice we frekwencji wyborczej między poszczególnymi grupami wiekowymi nie są świadectwem pokoleniowych różnic w (skłonności do) partycypacji. Większe znaczenie ma cykl życia i jego fazy.
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Authors and Affiliations

Mikołaj Cześnik
1
ORCID: ORCID
Piotr Zagórski
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Uniwersytet SWPS

Morphological characterization of Recherchefjorden (Bellsund, Svalbard) using marine geomorphometry

Mateusz Moskalik Piotr Zagórski Leszek Łęczyński Joanna Ćwiąkała Piotr Demczuk
Polish Polar Research | 2018 | vol. 39 | No 1 | 99-125
Keywords Arctic Spitsbergen marine geomorphometry submarine landforms glacial and paraglacial geomorphology Svalbard
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Abstract

Geomorphological research based on geomorphological mapping seeks to identify the origins and age of forms as well as to describe the process that created or transformed a particular form. One of the most important aspects of this study is the morphometry and morphology of the landscape. This also applies to the submarine areas, and issues related to marine geomorphometry. Bathymetric data used in this study were obtained from the measurements of the Norwegian Hydrographic Service and measurements conducted by the authors. Its main goal was: to determine the bathymetry of the Recherchefjorden (Bellsund, Svalbard), establish morphometric parameters for the analysis of the morphology of the bottom. The boundaries of zones, related to the specific character of bottom geomorphology linked with geological structure, tectonics and, in particular, the impact of glacial system, was delineated. The sets of landforms (areas) were distinguished based on the morphometric analysis resulting from the determined parameters: slopes, its aspects, curvatures and Bathymetric Position Index. Basically, this areas are concentrated in two zones: the main Recherchefjorden and its surroundings. The delimitation also takes into account the origins and location of theme in relation to the glacial systems. On this basis, moraine areas were distinguished. They are linked with the Holocene advances of two glaciers, Renardbeen and Recherchebreen, mainly during the Little Ice Age. They constitute boundary zones between areas with different morphometric parameters: outer fjord and inner fjord. Moreover, taking into account geology and terrestrial geomorphology it was possible to describe paraglacial processes in this area.
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Authors and Affiliations

Mateusz Moskalik
Piotr Zagórski
ORCID: ORCID
Leszek Łęczyński
Joanna Ćwiąkała
Piotr Demczuk

Trash on Arctic beach: Coastal pollution along Calypsostranda, Bellsund, Svalbard

Marek Wojciech Jaskólski Łukasz Pawłowski Mateusz Czesław Strzelecki Piotr Zagórski Timothy Patrick Lane
Polish Polar Research | 2018 | vol. 39 | No 2 | 211-224
Keywords Arctic Spitsbergen beach pollution plastic trash human impact
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Abstract

Beach pollution is one of the most common hazards in present-day anthropogenic environments. Even in the remote Svalbard Archipelago, pollution impacts the beach system and can pose environmental threats. The significant increase in human activity observed in Svalbard over the last 20–30 years has resulted in a visible change in the amount of coastal pollution. A 5 km long transect of modern beach developed along Calypsostranda (Recherchefjorden, Bellsund) was surveyed in the summer of 2015 in order to characterize the beach pollution. During the survey 296 pieces of trash were found on beach surface. 82% of found trash was plastic, followed by glass (8%), and metal (5%). The comparison with previous pollution survey showed the significant increase of plastic waste in local beach environment. Similar problem has been recently recorded in other parts of Svalbard suggesting an urgent need for coastal pollution monitoring.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marek Wojciech Jaskólski
Łukasz Pawłowski
Mateusz Czesław Strzelecki
Piotr Zagórski
ORCID: ORCID
Timothy Patrick Lane

Multidecadal (1960–2011) shoreline changes in Isbjørnhamna (Hornsund, Svalbard)

Anna Styszyńska Mateusz Moskalik Piotr Zagórski Jan Rodzik Mateusz C. Strzelecki Michael Lim Małgorzata Błaszczyk Agnieszka Promińska Grzegorz Kruszewski Artur Malczewski
Polish Polar Research | 2015 | No 4 | 369-390 | DOI: 10.1515/popore−2015−0019
Keywords Tidewater glaciers ice melting passive acoustics Spitsbergen Hornsund
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Abstract

A section of a gravel−dominated coast in Isbjørnhamna (Hornsund, Svalbard) was analysed to calculate the rate of shoreline changes and explain processes controlling coastal zone development over last 50 years. Between 1960 and 2011, coastal landscape of Isbjørnhamna experienced a significant shift from dominated by influence of tide−water glacier and protected by prolonged sea−ice conditions towards storm−affected and rapidly changing coast. Information derived from analyses of aerial images and geomorphological mapping shows that the Isbjørnhamna coastal zone is dominated by coastal erosion resulting in a shore area reduction of more than 31,600 m 2 . With ~3,500 m 2 of local aggradation, the general balance of changes in the study area of the shore is negative, and amounts to a loss of more than 28,000 m 2 . Mean shoreline change is −13.1 m (−0.26 m a −1 ). Erosional processes threaten the Polish Polar Station infrastructure and may damage of one of the storage buildings in nearby future.
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Authors and Affiliations

Anna Styszyńska
Mateusz Moskalik
Piotr Zagórski
ORCID: ORCID
Jan Rodzik
Mateusz C. Strzelecki
Michael Lim
Małgorzata Błaszczyk
Agnieszka Promińska
Grzegorz Kruszewski
Artur Malczewski

The origin of pine pollen grains captured from air at Calypsobyen, Svalbard

Małgorzata Jędryczka Beata Żuraw Piotr Zagórski Jan Rodzik Karolina Mędrek Irena Agnieszka Pidek Weronika Haratym Joanna Kaczmarek Magdalena Sadyś
Polish Polar Research | 2023 | vol. 44 | No 3 : Special Issue to celebrate 50 years anniversary of Stanislaw Baranowski Polar Station in Spitsbergen: Part 2 | 313-338 | DOI: 10.24425/ppr.2022.143312
Keywords Arctic Spitsbergen pollen dispersal Pinus spp. long distance transport
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Abstract

Spitsbergen is the largest island in the Svalbard Archipelago (Norway) that has been permanently populated. The harsh Arctic climate prevents development of large vascular plants such as trees. A two-year aerobiological survey was conducted within the framework of two consecutive polar expeditions (2014 and 2015) in Spitsbergen (Calypsobyen, Bellsund). The air quality was measured continuously from June/July to August using a 7-day volumetric air sampler, Tauber trap and moss specimens. Collected air samples and gravimetric pollen deposits were processed following transfer to sterile laboratory conditions and analyzed with the aid of light microscopy. Days when pine pollen grains were detected in the air were selected for further analysis. Clusters of back-trajectories, computed using the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model in combination with ArcGIS software as well as the Flextra trajectory model, showed the movement of air masses to the sampling location at Hornsund, and thus indicated the likely origin of pollen grains. The GlobCover 2009 and CORINE Land Cover 2012 datasets were employed to establish the distribution of coniferous forests in the areas of interest. Conclusions were drawn based on the analyses of the circulation of air masses, using visualization of global weather conditions forecast to supercomputers. For the first time we have demonstrated that pine pollen grains occurring in pine-free Spitsbergen, could originate from numerous locations, including Scandinavia, Iceland, Siberia and northern Canada. Pollen grains were transported via air masses for distances exceeding ~2000 km. Both air samples and gravimetric pollen deposits revealed the same pattern of Pinus pollen distribution.
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Authors and Affiliations

Małgorzata Jędryczka
1
ORCID: ORCID
Beata Żuraw
2
ORCID: ORCID
Piotr Zagórski
3
Jan Rodzik
3
Karolina Mędrek
3
Irena Agnieszka Pidek
3
ORCID: ORCID
Weronika Haratym
4
ORCID: ORCID
Joanna Kaczmarek
1
ORCID: ORCID
Magdalena Sadyś
5
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Science, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland
  2. Department of Hydrobiology and Protection of Ecosystems, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Dobrzańskiego 37, 20-295 Lublin, Poland
  3. Institute of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, al. Kraśnicka 2D, 20-718 Lublin, Poland
  4. Paderewski Private Grammar School, Symfoniczna 1, 20-853 Lublin, Poland
  5. Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, AL5 2JQ, UK

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