To study the anti-seismic performance of steel structure under high temperature, the finite element analysis software ABAQUS was used to study the seismic performance of Q235 steel welded box section column at service stage under normal temperature and high temperature fire. The effects of welding residual stress, slenderness ratio, width thickness ratio and axial load level on the hysteretic behavior of columns were analyzed and the stable bearing capacity and hysteretic performance of the column under high temperature were investigated. The results show that the maximum bearing capacity of the column decreases with the increase of the residual stress peak value. With the increase of temperature, a decrease in the maximum bearing capacity of columns under constant axial force and horizontal cyclic load and an increase in the ductility occur.