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Analysis of the OCHN3MFA steel in terms of cutting forces and cutting material flank wear mechanisms in hard turning processes

Jozef Majerík Igor Barényi Zdenek Pokorný Josef Sedlák Vlastimil Neumann David Dobrocký Aleš Jaroš Michal Krbaťa Jaroslav Jambor Roman Kusenda Miroslav Sagan Jiri Procházka
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2021 | 69 | 6 | e139203 | DOI: 10.24425/bpasts.2021.139203
Keywords mechanical properties microstructural analysis cutting forces flank wear crater wear
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Abstract

This article deals with the effect of selected machining parameter values in hard turning of tested OCHN3MFA steel in terms of SEM microstructural analysis of workpiece material, cutting forces, long-term tests, and SEM observations of flank wear VB and crater wear KT of used changeable coated cemented carbide cutting inserts in the processes of performed experiments. OCHN3MFA steel was selected as an experimental (workpiece) material. The selected experimental steel was analyzed prior to hard turning tests to check the initial microstructure of bulk material and subsurface microstructure after hard turning and chemical composition. Study of workpiece material’s microstructure and worn cemented carbide cutting inserts was performed with Tescan Vega TS 5135 scanning electron microscope (SEM) with the X-Ray microanalyzer Noran Six/300. The chemical composition of workpiece material was analyzed with Tasman Q4 surface analyzer. All hard turning experiments of the used specimens were performed under the selected machining parameters in the SU 50A machine tool with the 8th selected individual geometry of coated cementite carbide cutting inserts clamped in the appropriate DCLNR 2525M12-M type of cutting tool holder. During the hard turning technological process of the individual tested samples made of OCHN3MFA steel, cutting forces were measured with a Kistler 9257B piezoelectric dynamometer, with their subsequent evaluation using Dynoware software. After the long-term testing, other experiments and results were also realized, evaluating the influence of selected machining parameters with different cutting insert geometry on the achieved surface quality.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jozef Majerík
1
Igor Barényi
1
Zdenek Pokorný
2
Josef Sedlák
3
Vlastimil Neumann
4
David Dobrocký
2
Aleš Jaroš
3
Michal Krbaťa
1
Jaroslav Jambor
1
Roman Kusenda
1
Miroslav Sagan
1
Jiri Procházka
2
  1. Department of Engineering, Alexander Dubcek University of Trencin, Trencin, Slovak Republic
  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Defence in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
  3. Department of Manufacturing Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
  4. Department of Combat and Special Vehicles, University of Defence in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic

Microstructure Analysis and Powder Bed Fusion of Inconel 738 Powder Materials Mixed with Nano-Sized Ceramic Powders

Jin Woo Kim Dong Wan Lee Su Gwan Lee Dinh Van Cong Jin Chun Kim
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2024 | vol. 69 | No 2 | 471-474 | DOI: 10.24425/amm.2024.149769
Keywords Additive Manufacturing LPBF Inconel738 Powder Microstructure analysis
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Abstract

Powder materials strengthened by oxide dispersion are generally made by in-situ method; direct oxide dispersing in matrix powders during atomization. There is also ex-situ method; oxides dispersing by mixing with matrix powders. In this study powder mixtures (Inconel 738 matrix powder + SiO2 powder + Al2O3 powder) were mechanically manufactured by ex-situ process, a lowenergy ball milling method. Then, specimens of the as-mill powders were manufactured by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) method and spark plasma sintering (SPS) process. The microstructures of each prepared specimen were compared according to process variables. SEM, EDS, XRD, and Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) analyses were applied in this study.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jin Woo Kim
1
Dong Wan Lee
1
Su Gwan Lee
1
Dinh Van Cong
1
Jin Chun Kim
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. University of Ulsan, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Ulsan, Republic of Korea

The Influence of Sintering Temperature on the Microstructure of Coal-Ash Based Geopolymers

D.D. Burduhos-Nergis P. Vizureanu D.C. Achitei A.V. Sandu D.P. Burduhos-Nergis M.M.A.B. Abdullah
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2023 | vol. 68 | No 2 | 631-637 | DOI: 10.24425/amm.2023.142444
Keywords geopolymers alkali activation microstructural analysis sintered structures high temperature exposure
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Abstract

Currently, one of the main challenges of civil engineering and science materials engineers is to develop a sustainable substitute for Ordinary Portland Cement. While the most promising solution is provided by the geopolymerisation technology, most of the studied geopolymers are based on natural raw materials (kaolin). The metakaolin is mainly preferred because of its rapid rate of dissolution in the activator solution, easy control of the Si/Al ratio, and white color. However, its high cost prevents it from being widely used in geopolymer composites or other materials that can become an industrial alternative for Ordinary Portland Cement. Several studies have shown that geopolymers with good performance can also be obtained from secondary raw materials (industrial wastes such as coal ash or slag). This explains why countries with rapidly developing economies are so interested in this technology. These countries have significant amounts of industrial waste and lack a well-developed recycling infrastructure. Therefore, the use of these by-products for geopolymers manufacturing could solve a waste problem while simultaneously lowering virgin raw material consumption. This study evaluates the effect of replacing different amounts of coal ash with sand on the microstructure of sintered geopolymers. Accordingly, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis were involved to highlight the morphological particularities of room-cured and sintered geopolymers.
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Authors and Affiliations

D.D. Burduhos-Nergis
1
ORCID: ORCID
P. Vizureanu
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
D.C. Achitei
1
ORCID: ORCID
A.V. Sandu
1 3
ORCID: ORCID
D.P. Burduhos-Nergis
1
ORCID: ORCID
M.M.A.B. Abdullah
4 5
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iasi, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, D. Mangeron 41, 700050 Iasi, Romania
  2. Technical Sciences Academy of Romania, Dacia Blvd 26, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
  3. Romanian Inventors Forum, St. P. Movila 3, 700089 Iasi, Romania
  4. Centre of Excellence Geopolymer and Green Technology (CEGeoGTech), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
  5. Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia

Microstructural Analysis of Ambient Cured Phosphate Based-Geopolymers with Coal-Ash as Precursor

D.D. Burduhos Nergis P. Vizureanu S. Lupescu D.P. Burduhos Nergis M.C. Perju A.V. Sandu
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2022 | vol. 67 | No 2 | 595-600 | DOI: 10.24425/amm.2022.137795
Keywords acid activation coal ash microstructural analysis phosphate based geopolymers
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Abstract

An alternative for Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) consumption is the production and integration of green cement. In other words, the clinker consumption has to be replaced with new low-carbon binders. A possible solution was introduced by the geopolymerisation technology. However, the alkaline activation of geopolymers offers the possibility of obtaining greener materials with high properties, superior to OPC, but due to the high price of sodium silicate, their industrial use is limited. In the past few years, a new activator has been discovered, namely phosphoric acid. This study approaches the obtaining of coal ash-based geopolymers activated with acid solution cured at room temperature. Accordingly, phosphoric acid, 85% by mass, was diluted in distilled water to obtain a corresponding activation solution for H3PO4/Al2O3 ratio of 1.0 and two types of geopolymers were ambient cured (22°C ±2°C). Moreover, to evaluate the geopolymerisation potential of this system (coal ash – phosphoric acid), SEM and EDS analysis was performed to investigate their morphologic characteristics.
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Authors and Affiliations

D.D. Burduhos Nergis
1
ORCID: ORCID
P. Vizureanu
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
S. Lupescu
1
ORCID: ORCID
D.P. Burduhos Nergis
1
ORCID: ORCID
M.C. Perju
1
ORCID: ORCID
A.V. Sandu
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
  1. "Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, Blvd . Mangeron, No. 51, 700050, Iasi, Romania
  2. Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Center of Excellence, Geopolymer & Green Technology (CeGeoGTech), School of Material Engineering, Perlis, Malaysia

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the EN AC-AlSi12CuNiMg Alloy and AlSi Composite Reinforced with SiC Particles

G.G. Sirata K. Wacławiak A.J. Dolata
Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2024 | vol. 24 | No 2 | 50-59 | DOI: 10.24425/afe.2024.149271
Keywords Metal matrix composites (MMCs) Mechanical properties SiC particle reinforcement Microstructure analysis Fractography
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Abstract

There is growing interest in developing more advanced materials, as conventional materials are unable to meet the demands of the automotive, aerospace, and military industries. To meet the needs of these sectors, the use of advanced materials with superior properties, such as metal matrix composites, is essential. This paper discusses the evaluation of microstructural and mechanical properties of conventional eutectic EN AC-AlSi12CuNiMg aluminum alloy (AlSi12) and advanced composite based on EN AC-AlSi12CuNiMg alloy matrix with 10 wt% SiC particle reinforcement (AlSi12/10SiCp). The microstructure of these materials was investigated with the help of metallographic techniques, specifically using a light microscope (LM) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results of the microstructural analysis show that the SiC particles are uniformly distributed in the matrix. The results of the mechanical tests indicate that the tensile properties and hardness of the AlSi12/10SiCp composite are significantly higher than those of the unreinforced eutectic alloy. For AlSi12/10SiCp composite, the tensile strength is 21% higher, the yield strength is 16% higher, the modulus of elasticity is 20% higher, and the hardness is 11% higher than unreinforced matrix alloy. However, the unreinforced AlSi12 alloy has a percentage elongation that is 16% higher than the composite material. This shows that the AlSi12/10SiCp composite has a lower ductility than the unreinforced AlSi12 alloy. The tensile specimens of the tested composite broke apart in a brittle manner with no discernible neck development, in contrast to the matrix specimens, which broke apart in a ductile manner with very little discernible neck formation.
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Authors and Affiliations

G.G. Sirata
1
ORCID: ORCID
K. Wacławiak
1
ORCID: ORCID
A.J. Dolata
1
  1. Department of Materials Technologies, Faculty of Materials Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Krasińskiego 8, 40-019 Katowice, Poland

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