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Number of results: 10
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Keywords small mammals
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Abstract

To flee somewhere far away and then return, or to stay put and wait things out? That was the dilemma faced by small mammals during the last glacial period. Some made it – but how did they survive, and where?

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Authors and Affiliations

Elżbieta Jancewicz
Ewa Falkowska
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Abstract

In the breeding season 1988/89, within the region of SSSI No. 8, nesting of 12 species of birds was observed. The highest number of nests — 24430 — belonged to three species of pygoscelid penguins; 77.1% were the Adelie penguin. Relatively high fluctuations in the number of penguins in some rookeries in particular breeding seasons were confirmed. During regular countings of mammals' in 1988 the presence of 5 species of Pinnipedia was noted, of which the southern elephant seal was most numerous in the summer season, whereas crabeater seal — in winter. In the region of SSSI No. 8, breeding of southern elephant seal and Weddell seal was observed. Fluctuations in the number of seals in this region in the period 1977—1988 were insignificant.

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Authors and Affiliations

Kazimierz Sierakowski
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Abstract

Throughout 1978 regular counts of pinniped mammals were conducted along as 12-kilometre-long stretch of the Admiralty Bay coasts. The occurrence of all the six species of antarctic seals was noted, among them the most numerous were Mirounga leonina, Arctocephalus tropicalis and Lobodon carcinophagus. The number of these animals varied within a year-cycle. M. leonina and Leptonychotes weddelli breed at Admiralty Bay.

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Authors and Affiliations

Andrzej Myrcha
Karol Teliga
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Abstract

The last biomonitoring study in Poland on intoxication with fluoride compounds of deer was conducted almost two decades ago. Given the fact that fluoride level in air and water is not widely monitored in Poland, it is justified to undertake monitoring of F- levels in people and other long-lived mammals. This paper provides the assessment of the present level of fluoride accumulation in mineralized tissue of large herbivorous mammals. The aim of the present study was to determine fluoride concentration in teeth of deer inhabiting the areas of Poland which are industrially uncontaminated with fluoride compounds, to establish possible correlations between the analysed parameters, and to provide a comparison of the present results with those obtained in other studies. Mean concentration of fluoride in all analysed samples amounted to 231.0 F mg/kg, with the minimum value of 22.0 F mg/kg and the maximum of 935.0 F mg/kg. This results from the development of industry and a widespread use of fluoride-supplemented caries prevention products which contributes to an intense accumulation of these substances in vertebrates, predominantly in mineralized tissue.
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Authors and Affiliations

M. Palczewska-Komsa
1
K. Barczak
1
K. Grocholewicz
2
J. Buczkowska-Radlińska
1
P.R. Piotrowski
3
E. Sobolewska
4

  1. Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 71-111 Szczecin, Poland
  2. Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Integrated Dentistry Department, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 71-111 Szczecin, Poland
  3. University of Medical Sciences in Poznań, Professor Emeritus of the Medical Faculty, Bukowska 70, 60-812 Poznań, Poland
  4. Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Department of Dental Prosthetics, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 71-111 Szczecin, Poland
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Abstract

Repellent usage against rodents is almost not provided anymore. Permission to use many rodent repellent substances under European Union (EU) plant protection regulations has not been renewed in recent years. Some approval for chemical substances have not been renewed due to their toxicological properties, and for some biorational approvals have also not been renewed due to lack of financial support together with other concerns. Some other rodent repellent substances possessing accurate properties in a secondary way have also been withdrawn. Thus, the use of almost ten active substances is now illegal. The lack of support and the resultant orphan use may be explained by the relatively small market and possible business together with the expectations of modern substance application requirements. As a result, the opportunity to consider new biorational substances as candidates is therefore open. Plant based food substances are preferred candidates for plant protection considering their favourable toxicological characteristics. Capsicum oleoresin, a mixture obtained from two spice species (Capsicum annuum and C. frutescens), is one of them with appropriate repellent properties. An application under EU Plant Protection Product regulation has recently been submitted and may become a new repellent for biological control agent against seed predators.

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Authors and Affiliations

Mathilde Stefanini
Mathilde Charon
Patrice André Marchand
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Abstract

There are currently more than 5,800 species of mammals in the world. They exhibit complex patterns of spatial organization in how they function in their habitats and in how they relate to other individuals of the same species.
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Authors and Affiliations

Elżbieta Jancewicz
1

  1. Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Institute of Forest Sciences, Department of Forest Zoology and Wildlife Management
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Abstract

The arylsulphatase activity (E. C. 3. 1.6. 1.) was compared in different species ol Antarctic mammals, birds of the genus Pygoscelis, fish of the genus Notothenia and two crustaceans oi the genus Euphausia. The role of arylsulphatase in the hydrolysis of sulphate phenol esters was pointed out. Considerable differences were observed in the arylsulphatase activity both within genera and species. But no differences in the activity of the enzyme examined were observed in relation to the sex or maturity stage of gonads of chosen Antarctic animals. The activity of arylsulphatase from liver and hepato- pancreas homogenates оf Antarctic animals was lower than the activity of this enzyme in similar animals of the temperate zone.

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Authors and Affiliations

Gerard Drewa
Hanna Jackowska
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Abstract

The Fleming Fjord Formation (Jameson Land, East Greenland) documents a diverse assemblage of terrestrial vertebrates of Late Triassic age. Expeditions from the turn of the 21st century have discovered many important fossils that form the basis of our current knowledge of Late Triassic Greenlandic faunas. However, due to the scarcity and incompleteness of the fossils and their insufficient study, our understanding of the taxonomic diversity of the Fleming Fjord Formation is hindered. Here, we report the preliminary findings of a Polish−Danish expedition to the Fleming Fjord Formation that took place in 2014. Three areas were visited – the fairly well known MacKnight Bjerg and Wood Bjerg and the virtually unexplored Liasryggen. MacKnigth Bjerg and Liasryggen yielded fossils which promise to significantly broaden our knowledge of vertebrate evolution in the Late Triassic. Stem−mammal remains were discovered at Liasryggen. Other fossils found at both sites include remains of actinopterygians, sarcopterygians, temnospondyl amphibians and various archosaurs (including early dinosaurs). Numerous vertebrate trace fossils, including coprolites, pseudosuchian footprints, theropod and sauropodomorph dinosaur tracks, were also discovered. Newly discovered skeletal remains as well as abundant trace fossils indicate higher tetrapod diversity in the Late Triassic of Greenland than previously thought. Trace fossils also allow inferences of early theropod and sauropodomorph dinosaur behaviour.
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Authors and Affiliations

Tomasz Sulej
Andrzej Wolniewicz
Niels Bonde
Błażej Błażejowski
Grzegorz Niedźwiedzki
Mateusz Tałanda
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Abstract

Elusive phenomena such as the parental care habits of prehistoric animals would seem to be forever inaccessible to paleontological research. However, new spectacular finds offer some deeper insight into such behavior.

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Authors and Affiliations

Łukasz Czepiński
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Abstract

Marine mammal identification and classification for passive acoustic monitoring remain a challenging task. Mainly the interspecific and intraspecific variations in calls within species and among different individuals of single species make it more challenging. Varieties of species along with geographical diversity induce more complications towards an accurate analysis of marine mammal classification using acoustic signatures. Prior methods for classification focused on spectral features which result in increasing bias for contour base classifiers in automatic detection algorithms. In this study, acoustic marine mammal classification is performed through the fusion of 1D Local Binary Pattern (1D-LBP) and Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC) based features. Multi-class Support Vector Machines (SVM) classifier is employed to identify different classes of mammal sounds. Classification of six species named Tursiops truncatus, Delphinus delphis, Peponocephala electra, Grampus griseus, Stenella longirostris, and Stenella attenuate are targeted in this research. The proposed model achieved 90.4% accuracy on 70–30% training testing and 89.6% on 5-fold cross-validation experiments.

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Authors and Affiliations

Maheen Nadir
Syed Muhammad Adnan
Sumair Aziz
Muhammad Umar Khan

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