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Number of results: 7
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Abstract

Phytosociological research was carried out in the town of Kłobuck, Silesian voivodeship. During the years 1998 and 1999 35 releves were taken using Braun-Blanquet method. In the study area 14 plant herb communities were distinguished, 10 of which were classified as associations. These are: community with Lenina minor, Nupharo-Nymphaeetum albae, Sparganietum erecti, Phragmitetum australis, Typhetum latifoliae, Glycerietum maximae, Phalaridetum arundinaceae, community with Jasione mon/ana, community with Deschampsia caespitosa, community with Holcus lana/us, Filipendulo-Geranietum, Scirpetum silvatici, Epilobio-Juncetum effusi, Arrhenatheretum eleatioris.
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Authors and Affiliations

Magdalena Kurkowska
Stanisław Cabała
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Abstract

In a study on the click beetles (Coleoptera: Elateridae) of selected plant communities of the Lasy Janowskie Reserve, 21 species of these beetles were recorded – 10 each in riparian forests and a sub-Atlantic mesic coniferous forest, 11 in a continental mixed coniferous forest, and 6 in wet grassland communities. The numbers of species in the communities was similar to numbers recorded in other, comparable areas of Poland, with the exception of the wet grasslands. Forest species that can also occur outside of forests – Athous subfuscus and Dalopius marginatus – were dominant. The biodiversity of the click beetle fauna in the communities was at an average level. An ecological and zoogeographical analysis was carried out as well.
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Authors and Affiliations

Krzysztof Pawlęga
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Abstract

In the years 1988 and 1998-1999 botanical investigations were carried out within the projected "Diabla Góra" nature reserve, located near Bukowno town in the north-eastern part of the Silesian Upland. The occurrence of 57 taxa of bryophytes (5 liverworts and 52 mosses) as well as 248 taxa of vascular plants were reported. Among bryophytes there are 11 taxa regionally rare and endangered, for example Barbilophozia barbata and Pterigynandrum filiforme. Ten species (17.5% of brioflora) represent mountain element. Among vascular plants there are 20 protected species (8.1% of vascular flora) and 22 regionally rare and endangered taxa, for example Allium montanum, Botrychium lunaria, Orobanche caryophyllacea, Scorzonera humilis and Thalie/rum minus. Six taxa (2.4% of vascular flora) are mountain species. Eight associations (4 forest and 4 non-forest) were distinguished. The most interesting are thermophilous beech forest Carici-Fagetum and xerothermic grasslands from class Festuco-Brometea.
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Authors and Affiliations

Krzysztof Jędrzejko
Adam Stebel
Tadeusz Szczypek
Stanislaw Wika
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Abstract

Long-term studies were performed on the development of plant communities in dumping grounds after hard coal mining. The communities were initiated by sowing grass seeds either directly in the ground with mineral fertilizing, or on separate surfaces covered with a layer of soil. The development of plant communities was assessed in various time intervals within the 30-year period. The studies concerning flora applied the Braun-Blanguet method, as well as botanical-gravimetric method. The size of biomass of surface herbaceous plants has been determined in a gravimetric manner. Plant communities with the participation of Festuca ovina initially make up monocultures, while their further development after 30 years led to the tree development of turf-like community with Betu/a verucosa and Pinus sylvestris. Such a community shows signs of substantial durability and high usability. Short-lasting grass types initiate the development of communities with Calamagrostis epigejos. On the ground covered with a layer of mineral soil the initial development of plant communities depended upon: bank of seeds in the ground, air and water conditions formed and trophic properties of the soil. Depletion of nutrients resulted in lowered production of biomass, while its collection enriched flora composition of the community, enabling the growth and development of short heliophilous plan. Depletion of plants nutrients, as well as accumulation of unmoved green biomass enabled the expansive species of Calamagrostis epigejos to settle in plant communities. The recognized natural processes in difficult habitats, initiated by grass sowing, provide the basis for correct biological reclamation of lands of Carboniferous rock waste.
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Authors and Affiliations

Anna Patrzałek
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Abstract

This paper contains the results of phytosociological studies carried out on the model fragment of Spitsbergen tundra at Bellsund. In the area of 4800 m2 19 plant communities have been distinguished through association analysis and these communities, in turn, have been compared according to cluster analysis. Also, ecological groups of species have been distinguished.

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Authors and Affiliations

Ireneusz R. Moraczewski
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Abstract

In response to stresses, plants are capable of communicating their physiological status to other individuals in the community using several chemical cues. Nearby receivers then adjust their own homeostasis to increase resilience. The majority of studies to date have concentrated on the communication of abiotic stressors (e.g., salinity or drought) or herbivory. Less attention has been paid to the role of communication during microbial infections and almost nothing has focused on viruses. Here we investigated the effect that the prevalence of a turnip mosaic virus in a community of Arabidopsis thaliana has on the severity of symptoms developed in a group of receivers. First, we looked at the influence of two factors on the kinetics of symptom progression in the receivers, namely the prevalence of infection among emitters and the growth stage of the receiver plants at inoculation. We found that young receiver plants developed milder symptoms than older ones, and that high infection prevalence resulted in slower disease progression in receivers. Second, we tested the possibility that jasmonates could act as chemical signaling cues. To do this, we examined the kinetics of symptom progression in jasmonate-insensitive and wild-type plants. The results showed that the protective effect vanished in the mutant plants. Third, we investigated the possibility that root communication could also be relevant. We found that the kinetics of symptom progression across receivers was further slowed down in an age-dependent manner when plants were planted in the same pot. Together, these preliminary findings point to a potential function for disease prevalence in plant communities in regulating the severity of symptoms, this effect being mediated by some volatile organic compounds.
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Authors and Affiliations

Francisca de la Iglesia
1
Santiago F. Elena
1 2

  1. Instituto de Biología Integrativa de Sistemas (I2SysBio), CSIC-Universitat de València, CL.Catedrático Agustín Escardino Belloch 9, Paterna, 46980 València, Spain
  2. Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA
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Abstract

This research presents the characteristics and inferred evolution of post-bog soils developed in the Last Glacial Maximum area of northwestern Poland near the southern Baltic coast. The study involved a total of five sites near existing lakes in NW Poland. In total, 21 soil pits were described and sampled and 17 piezometers were installed. In soil samples chemical and physical properties were determined. During the hydrological year the water level was checked and chemical properties of water were determined, the floristic composition at each location was also carried out. Mineralisation of post-bog soils initiated by dehydration leads to the decomposition of organic surface layers and an increase in CaCO3 content as well as mineral non-lime components at the expense of organic matter. A sequence of five soil types occurs in this landscape: Sapric Histosols (Limnic), Drainic Histosols (Calcaric, Limnic), Histic Gleysols (Murshic), Umbric Gleysols (Hyperhumic), Gleyic Phaeozems (Hyperhumic) that represent individual stages of soil genesis. Differences between the chemical properties of soils are apparent between organic vs organic-mineral and mineral layers. Man-induced drainage of post-bog soils changes their physical parameters. Bulk density increase and water retention decrease. The fluctuation of groundwater determines the moisture content of post-bog soils and affects the species composition of vegetation. Chemistry of groundwater is shaped mainly by the construction of catchment and the nature of its use, however, it is modified as a result of the inflow of macronutrients released during organic matter mineralisation processes and leaching of exchangeable forms from the sorption complex.
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Authors and Affiliations

Grzegorz Jarnuszewski
1
ORCID: ORCID
Edward Meller
1
ORCID: ORCID
Teodor Kitczak
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. West Pomeranian University of Technology, Department of Environmental Management, Juliusza Słowackiego St, 17, 71-434 Szczecin, Poland

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