Atiemo-Obeng V.A., Calabrese R.V., 2004. Rotor–stator mixing devices, In: Paul E.L., Atiemo-Obeng V.A., Kresta S.M. (Eds.), Handbook of industrial mixing. DOI:
10.1002/0471451452.ch8.
Bałdyga J., Makowski Ł., OrciuchW., Sauter C., Schuchmann H.P., 2008a. Deagglomeration processes in high-shear devices. Chem. Eng. Res. Des., 86, 1369–1381. DOI:
10.1016/j.cherd.2008.08.016.
Bałdyga J., Orciuch W., Makowski Ł., Malik K., Özcan-Taskin G., Eagles W., Padron G., 2008b. Dispersion of nanoparticle clusters in a rotor-stator mixer. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 47, 3652–3663. DOI:
10.1021/ie070899u.
Bałdyga J., Orciuch W., Makowski Ł., Malski-Brodzicki M., Malik K., 2007. Break up of nano-particle clusters in high-shear devices. Chem. Eng. Process. Process Intensif., 46, 851–861. DOI:
10.1016/j.cep.2007.05.016.
Boverhof D.R., Bramante C.M., Butala J.H., Clancy S.F., LafranconiW.M.,West J., Gordon S.C., 2015. Comparative assessment of nanomaterial definitions and safety evaluation considerations. Regul. Toxicol. Pharm., 73, 137–150. DOI:
10.1016/j.yrtph.2015.06.001.
Chung C.J., Lin H.I., Tsou H.K., Shi Z.Y., He J.L., 2008. An antimicrobial TiO2 coating for reducing hospitalacquired infection. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part B, 85b, 220–224. DOI:
10.1002/jbm.b.30939.
Fujishima A., Rao T.N., Tryk D.A., 2000. Titanium dioxide photocatalysis. J. Photochem. Photobiol., C, 1, 1–21. DOI:
10.1016/S1389-5567(00)00002-2.
Gajovic A., Stubicar M., Ivanda M., Furi K., 2001. Raman spectroscopy of ball-milled TiO2. J. Mol. Struct., 563–564, 315–320. DOI:
10.1016/S0022-2860(00)00790-0.
Gavi E., Kubicki D., Padron G.A., Özcan-Taskın N.G., 2018. Breakup of nanoparticle clusters using Microfluidizer M110-P. Chem. Eng. Res. Des., 132, 902–912. DOI:
10.1016/j.cherd.2018.01.011.
Gázquez M.J., Bolívar J.P., Garcia-Tenorio R., Vaca F., 2014. A review of the production cycle of titanium dioxide pigment. Mater. Sci. Appl., 5, 441–458. DOI:
10.4236/msa.2014.57048.
Hansen S., Khakhar D.V., Ottino J.M., 1998. Dispersion of solids in nonhomogeneous viscous flows. Chem. Eng. Sci., 53, 1803–1817. DOI:
10.1016/S0009-2509(98)00010-4.
Hass G., 1952. Preparation, properties and optical applications of thin films of titanium dioxide. Vacuum, 2, 331–345. DOI:
10.1016/0042-207X(52)93783-4.
Kamaly S.W., Tarleton A.C., Özcan-Taskın N.G., 2017. Dispersion of clusters of nanoscale silica particles using batch rotor-stators. Adv. Powder Technol., 28, 2357–2365. DOI:
10.1016/j.apt.2017.06.017.
Krzosa R., Makowski Ł., OrciuchW., Adamek R., 2021. Population balance application in TiO2 particle deagglomeration process modeling. Energies, 14, 3523. DOI:
10.3390/en14123523.
Mandzy N., Grulke E., Druffel T., 2005. Breakage of TiO2 agglomerates in electrostatically stabilized aqueous dispersions. Powder Technol., 160, 121–126. DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2005.08.020.
Marchisio D.L., Fox R.O., 2005. Solution of population balance equations using the direct quadrature method of moments. J. Aerosol Sci., 36, 43–73. DOI:
10.1016/j.jaerosci.2004.07.009.
Marchisio D.L., Vigil R.D., Fox R.O., 2003. Quadrature method of moments for aggregation-breakage processes. J. Colloid Interface Sci., 258, 322–334. DOI:
10.1016/S0021-9797(02)00054-1.
Martínez-de Jesús G., Ramírez-Munoz J., García-Cortés D., Cota L.G., 2018. Computational fluid dynamics study of flow induced by a grooved high-shear impeller in an unbaffled tank. Chem. Eng. Technol., 41, 580–589. DOI:
10.1002/ceat.201700091.
McGraw R., 1997. Description of aerosol dynamics by the quadrature method of moments. Aerosol Sci. Technol., 27, 255–265. DOI:
10.1080/02786829708965471.
Meacock G., Taylor K.D.A., Knowles M.J., Himonides A., 1997. The improved whitening of minced cod flesh using dispersed titanium dioxide. J. Sci. Food Agric., 73, 221–225. DOI:
10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(199702)73:2221::AID-JSFA708>3.0.CO;2-U.
Middlemas S., Fang Z.Z., Fan P., 2015. Life cycle assessment comparison of emerging and traditional Titanium dioxide manufacturing processes. J. Clean. Prod., 89, 137–147. DOI:
10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.11.019.
Mikulášek P., Wakeman R.J., Marchant J.Q., 1997. The influence of pH and temperature on the rheology and stability of aqueous titanium dioxide dispersions. Chem. Eng. J., 67, 97–102. DOI:
10.1016/S1385-8947(97)00026-0.
Özcan-Taskin N.G., Padron G., Voelkel A., 2009. Effect of particle type on the mechanisms of break up of nanoscale particle clusters. Chem. Eng. Res. Des., 87, 468–473. DOI:
10.1016/j.cherd.2008.12.012.
Özcan-Taskın N.G., Padron G.A., Kubicki D., 2016. Comparative performance of in-line rotor-stators for deagglomeration processes. Chem. Eng. Sci., 156, 186–196. DOI:
10.1016/j.ces.2016.09.023.
Randolph A.D., Larson M.A., 1962. Transient and steady state size distributions in continuous mixed suspension crystallizers. AIChE J., 8, 639–645. DOI:
10.1002/aic.690080515.
Reck E., Richards M., 1999. TiO2 manufacture and life cycle analysis. Pigm. Resin Technol., 28, 149–157. DOI:
10.1108/03699429910271297.
Rodgers T.L., Cooke M., Siperstein F.R., Kowalski A., 2009. Mixing and dissolution times for a cowles disk agitator in large-scale emulsion preparation. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 48, 6859–6868. DOI:
10.1021/ie900286s.
Sen S., Ram M.L., Roy S., Sarkar B.K., 1999. The structural transformation of anatase TiO2 by high-energy vibrational ball milling. J. Mater. Res., 14, 841–848. DOI:
10.1557/JMR.1999.0112.
Shamlou P.A., Titchener-Hooker N., 1993. Turbulent aggregation and breakup of particles in liquids in stirred vessels, In: Shamlou P.A. (Ed.), Processing of Solid–Liquid Suspensions. Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd. 1–25. DOI:
10.1016/b978-0-7506-1134-3.50005-3.
Tang S., Ma Y., Shiu C., 2001. Modelling the mechanical strength of fractal aggregates. Colloids Surf., A, 180, 7–16. DOI:
10.1016/S0927-7757(00)00743-3.
Unadkat H., Rielly C.D., Nagy Z.K., 2011. PIV study of the flow field generated by a sawtooth impeller. Chem. Eng. Sci., 66, 5374–5387. DOI:
10.1016/j.ces.2011.07.046.
Weir A., Westerhoff P., Fabricius L., Hristovski K., Von Goetz N., 2012. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles in food and personal care products. Environ. Sci. Technol., 46, 2242–2250. DOI:
10.1021/es204168d.
Xie L., Rielly C.D., Eagles W., Özcan-Taskin G., 2007. Dispersion of nano-particle clusters using mixed flow and high shear impellers in stirred tanks. Chem. Eng. Res. Des., 85, 676–684. DOI:
10.1205/cherd06195.
Xie L., Rielly C.D., Özcan-Taskin G., 2008. Break-Up of nanoparticle agglomerates by hydrodynamically limited processes. J. Dispers. Sci. Technol., 29, 573–579. DOI:
10.1080/01932690701729211.
Yang H.G., Li C.Z., Gu H.C., Fang T.N., 2001. Rheological behavior of titanium dioxide suspensions. J. Colloid Interface Sci., 236, 96–103. DOI:
10.1006/jcis.2000.7373.
Yu J., Zhao X., Zhao Q.,Wang G., 2001. Preparation and characterization of super-hydrophilic porous TiO2 coating films. Mater. Chem. Phys., 68, 253–259 DOI:
10.1016/S0254-0584(00)00364-3.
Zhang J., Xu S., Li W., 2012. High shear mixers: A review of typical applications and studies on power draw, flow pattern, energy dissipation and transfer properties. Chem. Eng. Process., 57–58, 25–41. DOI:
10.1016/j.cep.2012.04.004.
en
pl
