Direct applications in agriculture are among the most prospective development lines of geothermal water and energy. In many countries such uses have already been ongoing. Poland also has suitable natural conditions and geothermal waters’ potential for agricultural development as well as for applications related to agriculture. Moreover, such applications in agriculture – if taking place after earlier use of geothermal waters e.g. for energetic or other purposes – would be the realization of the idea of the closed cycle economy. The first research and development works on geothermal waters and energy applications in agriculture in Poland were carried out in the early 1990s. In recent years this subject has once again sparked a growing interest. The paper presents geothermal water resources potential as well as circumstances, rationale, selected relevant estimations and proposed zones in the country for their uses (as raw material and heat source) in the agricultural sector of the country. The use of geothermal waters in agriculture would be an important element in the chain of agricultural production and agri-food processing, contributing to the increase in the use of locally available natural resources, as well as reducing emissions when using these resources for energetic purposes. The topic is presented against the background of a brief review of the state of geothermal water applications in agriculture in the world and in Europe, which convinces the legitimacy and need for the development of such use of geothermal water as a raw material for agriculture also in Poland.
Twierdza w czasach budowy Zamościa powstawała w ścisłym związku z geometrią widzenia. Przejawiało się to zarówno w sferze utylitarnej jak i estetycznej, dotyczyło skali urbanistycznej jak również skali dalekich ekspozycji. Badania widokowe wykonane w ramach Studium kształtowania terenów pofortecznych Twierdzy Zamość pozwoliły ocenić współczesny stan ekspozycji i określić możliwości ich korekty. Ich efekt stał się istotnym elementem koncepcji projektowej zarówno w warstwie kompozycyjnej jak również w części związanej z udostępnianiem turystycznym.