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Abstract

East Dangla and West Dangla, two dialects of the Dangla language which belongs to the Chadic language family, differ substantially in their tone systems. In numerous lexical items, entire or partial tonal inversions are observable. Earlier research has not succeeded in boiling this down to regular sound correspondences. In the meantime, data from Central Dangla as a third dialect have become available, which provide important insights into the matter. Based on all available materials, a new attempt to establish the tonal correspondences is undertaken here. This results in a reconstruction of the tone system of Proto-Dangla, the hypothetical ancestor of the modern varieties, together with a chronological elaboration of the tonal changes that occurred in the individual dialects.
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Authors and Affiliations

Peust Carsten
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Abstract

The hedonic tone of an environmental odor is a powerful predictor of annoyance. Pertinent field surveys combined with laboratory analysis of landfill, pharmaceutical factories and rubber factories have been conducted, with the purpose of obtaining a behavior curve of the hedonic tone for specific odor emissions, and comparing the annoyance potential and odor persistence of the sources under investigation. The 9-point scale was used to determine the hedonic tone, and the odor concentration was measured using the Triangle Odor Bag Method. The concentration to be presented to panel members comprises a range of 5 or 6 dilution steps which differ by a factor of approximately 3. Using a suitable curve fitting procedure, a line can be fitted through the points obtained in the experiment. Characteristic H values at any concentration can be derived from the hedonic behavior curve. The relationship between the hedonic tone and lgOC conforms to the quadratic polynomial for the three sources. The persistence of odor is expressed as a dose (concentration) response and (intensity) function. According to the rate of change in odor intensity, the pharmaceutical odor is the strongest, followed by the landfill odor, and then the rubber odor. Annoyance potential is calculated by multiplying lgOC with the max hedonic value, meaning that the three sources are sorted as follows: rubber factory>landfill>pharmaceutical factory. This study will further the understanding of the sensory characteristics of different odor source
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Fengyue Yan
1 2 3
Weifang Li
1 2
Gen Wang
1 2
Jing Geng
1 2
Zhiqiang Lu
1 2
Zengxiu Zhai
1 2 3
Yan Zhang
1 2 3

  1. State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Odor Pollution Control, Tianjin 300191, China
  2. Tianjin Academy of Eco-environmental Sciences, Tianjin, 300191, China
  3. Tianjin Sinodour Environmental Protection Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd.,Tianjin 300191, China
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Abstract

Electric guitar manufacturers have used tropical woods in guitar production for decades claiming it as beneficiary to the quality of the instruments. These claims have often been questioned by guitarists but now, with many voices raising concerns regarding the ecological sustainability of such practices, the topic becomes even more important. Efforts to find alternatives must begin with a greater understanding of how tonewood affects the timbre of an electric guitar. The presented study examined how the sound of a simplified electric guitar changes with the use of various wood species. Multiple sounds were recorded using a specially designed test setup and their analysis showed differences in both spectral envelope and the generated signal level. The differences between the acoustic characteristics of tones produced by the tonewood samples explored in the study were larger than the just noticeable differences reported for the respective characteristics in the literature. To verify these findings an informal listening test was conducted which showed that sounds produced with different tonewoods were distinguishable to the average listener.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Jan Jasiński
1
Stanisław Oleś
1
Daniel Tokarczyk
1
Marek Pluta
1

  1. Department of Mechanics and Vibroacoustics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
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Abstract

This article draws on the refined techniques of literary interpretation brought to the Cervantes studies by John J. Allen's Don Quixote: Hero or Fool (1969), but refocuses its attention from the problem of Quixote's character to ‘bizarreness’ – an aesthetic category that can be found at the root of the confused, incongruous perception of reality in the fictions of Cervantes and the contemporary Polish author Olga Tokarczuk. In Chapter 18 of Part Two of Don Quixote Don Lorenzo calls the knight errant ‘ loco bizarro’. The translations of this phrase reveal a striking polyvalence of the Spanish adjective bizarro when compared to bizzarro (in Italian) and bizarre (in both French and English). A close analysis of the following chapter shows that the author contextualizes the preceding events within a narrative perspective marked by empathy and understanding rather than authoritative categorization, i.e. a type of narration discussed by Olga Tokarczuk in her 2019 Nobel Lecture “The Tender Narrator” and identified as ‘bizarreness’ in her Opowiadania bizarne [ Bizarre Stories].
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Authors and Affiliations

Beata Baczyńska
1

  1. Uniwersytet Wrocławski
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Abstract

Hereby there is given the speaker identification basic system. There is discussed application and usage of the voice interfaces, in particular, speaker voice identification upon robot and human being communication. There is given description of the information system for speaker automatic identification according to the voice to apply to robotic-verbal systems. There is carried out review of algorithms and computer-aided learning libraries and selected the most appropriate, according to the necessary criteria, ALGLIB. There is conducted the research of identification model operation performance assessment at different set of the fundamental voice tone. As the criterion of accuracy there has been used the percentage of improperly classified cases of a speaker identification.

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Authors and Affiliations

Yedilkhan Amirgaliyev
Timur Musabayev
Didar Yedilkhan
Waldemar Wójcik
Zhazira Amirgaliyeva

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