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Number of results: 69
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Abstract

Wild boars use natural feed such as ground cover for about half a year. In this work the contamination of boar muscles with caesium-137 and contamination of ground cover were compared. The level of caesium- 137 was measured by spectromertic method. Muscle samples from total 86 wild boars were collected just after Chernobyl accident (years I 986-1988 and in years I 998-1999). The results of the studies indicate that there is a relationship between radiocontamination of the environment as well as muscles of wild boars. It seems that animals at large can be good indicators of radiocontamination of the environment.
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Authors and Affiliations

Dariusz Jaworek
Jan Wiśniewski
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Abstract

Euphorbia epithymoides L. population has been the object of research both of the geobotanists as well as the ecologists for the last few year. The purpose of the research is efficient protection of this rare species occupying the scattered stations on Silcsian Upland. Euphorbia epithymoides L. population on the plot in Dąbrowa Górnicza - Sikorka occupies three characteristic habitat types, signed in the study as: I - pits of dump, 11 - flat plots, Ill - larch canopy. Greatest density of individuals occures under larch canopy. However the relation of blooming individuals to barren individuals is more profitable on the flat plot. TI1e spatial structure of investigated population is cluster - random, which is a typical phenomena for the plants with vegetative reproduction. The results we have obtained so far have shown that there arc many blooming individuals on the selected areas, although reproduction of this population occurs by vegetation. The small growth of numerical force of the euphorbia population proves that this species is endangered.
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Authors and Affiliations

Teresa Zaufał
Beata Babczyńska-Sendek
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Abstract

In order to work out a procedure of diminishing the amount of heavy metals, barium and strontium in wastes, laboratory wastes were collected and investigated. The analysis revealed that mercury and silver are present only in the precipitate, as well as about 213 amount of lead, bismuth and cobalt. Other elements occur mainly in solution. It was also found that there was no justification for the separate segregation of particular analytical groups of elements, especially in the cases where it is difficult to enforce requirement of collecting wastes in proper containers. Solid wastes were divided into two groups: I - containing mercury and 2 - without mercury content. Metals were eliminated in the form of sulphides and hydroxides by their precipitation with sodium sulphide, flocculation, sedimentation and dehydration. Solutions left after metals separation meet requirements for wastes, which can be disposed of the sewage system.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marian Turek
Teofil Korolewicz
Jacek Majewski
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Abstract

Zawartość cynku w glebach wokół huty cynku ,,Miasteczko Śląskie”
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Authors and Affiliations

Edyta Sierka
Bernard Palowski
Tadeusz Kimsa
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Abstract

This paper described a determination of volatile organic compounds (such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene and phenol) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (16 by US EPA method) in atmospheric air in Zabrze in 1997. Samples were collected on sorbents (graphitized carbon for BTEX, Chromosorb 102 for phenol and polypropylene filter for PAH) capable of selectivity trapping a wide range of substances. Samples were than analysed using an extraction by solvents followed by capillary gas chromatography with flame ionised detector or ion trap mass detector. The lower limit of detection was circa O.Ol μg/m3 for most compounds. Using a gas chromatograph with ion trap mass detector it was possible to identify 35 organic compounds in urban air in Zabrze. GC-MS is powerful tool for identification organic compounds, but GC with FID detector is most sensitive for quantitative determination of volatile organic compounds.
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Authors and Affiliations

Rajmund Michalski
Anna Węglarz
Ryszard Skrok
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Abstract

The results of statistic estimation of measurements done within surface waters monitoring programme were described. The biogens concentrations (the years 1994-1998) and the oxygen indicators (the years 1992-1996) in the measurement point on Odra river in Krajnik Dolny constituted the date base. The time changeability of these indicators was well described by Jog-normal and gamma distributions was shown. The normalised distributions were also given.The autocorrelation and the periodicity were examined. It was stated that the considered time sequences were characterised by the strong autocorrelation and the periodicity. Using the ARIMA process the modelling of measurement series was realised. After the selection of models, the programming of examined indicators changes was accomplished. It was shown that using ARIMA models valuable results can be obtained.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jerzy Straszko
Marzena Jastrzębska
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Abstract

Groundwater quality depends on many factors, among which public water supply systems and wastewater infrastructure in built-up areas plays a very important role. Analyses of influence of designed water supply and sewage network in Maciejowa village on the ground- and surface water quality have been the main aim of the paper. A mathematical model based on deterministic description of groundwater flow and migration of pollutants has been applied. An influence of various scenarios of drinking water/wastewater system development and management on pollution loads entering water environment were simulated. Recommendations regarding the sequence of individual piping systems construction were formulated to assure the best protection of water resources.
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Authors and Affiliations

Mieczysław Chalfen
Tadeusz Molski
Katarzyna Wiącek
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Abstract

Sewage and sewage sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plant were analyzed for 16 EPA-PAH. The measurements were conducted to investigate the effect of different treatment stages on PAH content in wastewater and sewage sludge. PAH loads in influent, mechanically and biologically treated sewage, as well as in raw, digested and dewatered sludge were calculated. Mechanical and biological treatment was found to remove 85% of PAH from the influent. Despite of this a daily PAH load introduced into environment was high, and reached 37% of the PAH load in the influent. In sewage it was equal to 46 g PAH-lid, with carcinogenic PAH content of 12%. In waste sludge (filter pressed sludge and sand from sand trap) PAH total load reached 68 gid with 17% of carcinogenic PAH.
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Authors and Affiliations

Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła
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Abstract

Badano wpływ osadu ściekowego na aktywność enzymatyczną pokrywy glebowej na terenie po otworowej kopalni siarki w celu oceny możliwości jego wykorzystania w leśno-łąkowej rekultywacji terenów Kopalni Siarki "Jeziórko". Wyniki, uzyskane po sześciu latach od zastosowanych zabiegów rekultywacyjnych wskazują, że osad ściekowy, dodany w odpowiedniej dawce, wpływał na ogól korzystnie na właściwości biochemiczne i chemiczne gleby. Oznacza to, że zastosowany osad może być brany pod uwagę, jako jeden ze środków służących do rekultywacji gruntów toksycznych.
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Authors and Affiliations

Elżbieta Jolanta Bielińska
Anna Slowinska-Jurkiewicz
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Abstract

The oxygen and thermal conditions in Lake Ińsko were examined in years 1999-2000. Lake Ińsko is one of a dynamictic type and its waters are mixed twice a year. This lake has a strong thermal and oxygen stratification. The oxygen conditions in the lake are very good because the total deficiency of oxygen appears only in summer, on the depth below 30 m, and only in the areas where the influence of town of Ińsko is the strongest. During autumn and winter circulation the concentration of oxygen near the bottom reaches 5 mg O2 dm-3. The concentration of oxygen in the water reflects favorable conditions of biomass production, including primary production of phytoplankton in epilimnion of Lake Ińsko. The intensive development of algas has considerably influenced the transparency of water. On the background of vertical thermal and oxygen differences during the summer there were also differences in the reactions of water.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jan Trojanowski
Agnieszka Parzych
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Abstract

The paper presents results of the research on the influence of sewage sludge on the enzymatic activity of the anthropogenic soil on the area of the former borehole sulphur-mine as well as· the effectiveness of sewage sludge utilization for forest-meadow reclamation of this ground.
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Authors and Affiliations

Agnieszka Jagiełło
Marta Bożym
Witold Wacławek
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Abstract

Conductivity measurements of distilled water and some electrolytic solution due to the SO2 and CO2 absorption have been performed in the laboratory and on the site. CO2, has been found to cause a decrease in the conductivity of alkaline solutions and an increase in that of CaCO3, and MgCO3, aqueous suspensions. The importance of the direct SO2 absorption was proved to be limited to the zones of extremely high concentrations of this gas in the ambient air.
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Authors and Affiliations

Krystian Leonard Chrzan
Anna Zwoździak
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Abstract

Chromium usually occurs in the (III) or (VI) oxidation state. Cr(III) is essential for mammalian systems to influence maintain several metabolic pathways. In contrast. Cr(YI) exerts toxic influence on biological systems and is strongly canccrogcnic. Cr(Vl) compounds arc usually highly soluble, mobile and bioavailable compared to sparingly soluble trivalent chromium compounds. Chromium is most often analysed using instrumental methods such as AAS or ICP. These methods are precise and sensitive but make determination of only total chromium. Possible content of Cr(VI) is estimated from the difference of total chromium content and Cr(III), which is analysed using photometric methods. This so-called "difference method" makes the calculated concentration of Cr(VI) is inaccurate. This paper describes sensitive and selective determination of Cr(VI) in various waters at ug/dnr' levels using a simple ion chromatography system with UV detector.
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Authors and Affiliations

Rajmund Michalski
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Abstract

The aim of this research work was determination of humidity impact on yeast and moulds survival in fibrous filters. It was revealed that water content of about - 53-113% stimulated growth of fungi, especially in case of moulds. In stable filters humidity conditions (50% of weight), a number of fungi reached I 04 CFU/cm2 after 84 days, with the most intensive growth during first 7 days of the experiment. In the case of very low humidity ( 13% and less), the growth of fungi was not observed.
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Authors and Affiliations

Ewa Sztompka
Ewa Karwowska
Ewa Miaśkiewicz-Pęska
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Abstract

Physical analysis of the 15-cm top layer of the Rzuno lake bottom sediments showed that their properties changed adequate by depth. They changed from granular structure, in the lakes shallow parts, to amorphic structure, in the lakes deeper parts, from light color to almost black and from loose to gelatinous consistence. Chemical investigation of this lake bottoms sediments showed that their main components is silica (more than 50% of dry matter of sediments), therefore these bottom sediments were classified as silicate sediments. Organic matter was another essential component of these sediments. The content of organic matter increased adequate by depth from 7% to 36%. The investigated sediments exhibited small contents of nitrogen (about 0.6%), with predominance of organic nitrogen. They make up are characterized by small phosphorus contents (about 0.06%), with similar amount of inorganic and organic phosphorus. The content of metals (Ca, Mg, Fe, Al, Mn) was also small in the investigated sediments. Correlation analysis showed that iron ions precipitate phosphate phosphorus from water and accumulate it in sediments. The material deposited in bottom sediments of Rzuno lake in mainly of an autochthonous origin. The chemical composition of bottom sediments of Rzuno lake, as well as its comparison with other lakes, show that this lake is moderately eutrophic.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jan Trojanowski
Janusz Bruski
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Abstract

The presented paper deals with the investigations on the content of chosen trace impurities in offal taken at various stages of technological process in felt production in hat industry, and its possible. The contents of lead, zinc, cadmium, iron, cobalt, copper, nickel and chromium in Bove hair washer wastes, in wastes from rinsing of washer, and in wastes from felting process were determined by spectrophotometric methods because of their simplicity and relative availability.
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Authors and Affiliations

Danuta Matysek-Majewska
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Abstract

The preliminary results of" the research on the transformation dynamics of shrub communities in their initial developmental stage obtained from 15 permanent research plots are presented. Observations were carried out during the years 1997-99. They constitute the first phase of a long-term research aiming at the recognition or the shrub phytocoenoscs' structure. Iloristic composition, and local differentiation in various succcssi ve stages. The analysis showed that a significant increase in the volumes of shrubs was followed by a decrease in the richness or a vegetation patch. Furthermore, the role of both the taxa from the Artcmisietca class ancl, transitionally. of the meadow species becomes more visible. At the same time the plants or xcrothcrmic grasslands and thermophilous saum-communities disappear. Additionally. a significant inllucnce of the surroundings on the course of shrub colonisation was observed.
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Authors and Affiliations

Gabriela Turula
Stanislaw Wika
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Abstract

This paper is content of brief review of the problems of uptake, translocation and distribution of zinc in grass (Agros1is capillarisi. Grasses as well as other plant species growing on metal contaminated soil have been selected for metal resistance for a long time. An increase in heavy metals like Zn, Pb and Cd in soil caused changes in root morphology and physiology as well as the tolerance of different plant species. The uptake and transport of zinc in plants is higher in older plants parts, like old or dead leaves, than in younger parts. There were measured the zinc resistance of the grass and bioaccurnularion in different parts of grasses.
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Authors and Affiliations

Alicja Kicińska-Świderska

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