Search results

Filters

  • Journals
  • Authors
  • Keywords
  • Date
  • Type

Search results

Number of results: 261
items per page: 25 50 75
Sort by:
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

This paper discusses the issue of just transition and presents the general directions of Poland’s energy transition until 2040. The just transition plays an important role in the process of Poland’s green energy transition and not without reason – it is the first pillar of Poland’s Energy Policy until 2040. Therefore, the paper attempts to discuss the legal, economic and social aspects of the planned changes. The next part of the paper describes the just transition from the level of the European Union. It points out what challenges member states are facing and what actions they will have to take to meet the transition requirements set by the European goal of climate neutrality by 2050. Particular attention was paid to the activities of the European Commission, which is particularly involved in the process of transforming the European Union’s energy mix. This issue is extremely important for our country as it is going to be the major beneficiary of the EU transition fund.
The penultimate section discusses research performed from 15 to 20 February 2022 on a group of 120 people living in different regions of Poland. The respondents answered a series of questions about general aspects of the energy transition, a just transition as well as the risks resulting from following the European Union’s climate and energy trends. Based on the answers provided, pie charts and bar graphs have been produced in order to make the analysis of the issues discussed clear and understandable. The whole study was concluded with a summary.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Bartosz Wojciech Brożyński
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Department of Logistics, University of Szczecin Institute of Management, Poland
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The main objective of this paper is (і) to determinate the energy sector as an important part of the resource economy in conditions of increasing epidemiological risks, and (іі) to present the potential of crisis management instruments to influence and strengthen the energy sector in Ukraine. This study uses expert assessments and monographic methods (for the assessment of crisis-management instruments) graphical methods Practical measures aimed at improving and reshaping the energy sector in Ukraine are defined by means of synthesis and economic analysis; statistical and interstate comparisons are used to analyze the Spanish experience of anti-crisis management measures in the post-COVID energy sector.
The study of the world electricity distribution issue shows its direct connection with the energy production source, including renewable energy use, which increased under the impact of COVID-19. The analysis of developed crisis-management systems provides the basis to propose measures to improve and reshape the energy sector in Ukraine. Thus, the results section represents findings to strengthen the energy sector, supporting crisis-management-system development in Ukraine.
The study is a part of a research cycle on energy-sector development, its management and financing. The proposed measures to improve and reshape the energy sector in Ukraine can be applied to specific energy-sector projects, the optimization of investments in the energy sector, as well as being used for the modeling of complex crisis-management systems of various spheres of the economy.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Iuliia Gernego
1
Olena Liakhova
1
Mykhailo Dyba
1

  1. Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, Ukraine
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

This paper discusses the impact of the European Green Deal policy on the clean energy transformation in the European Union, focusing on the generation of electricity reaching a significant milestone for the EU in 2020 – renewable energy sources for the first time in history surpassing combined fossil fuels in the generation of electrical energy. This achievement, although partially influenced by the exceptional circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic and the electricity demand shock, is primarily an effect of the Clean Energy for all Europeans Package implementing the European Green Deal strategy designed to position the EU as a global leader in the green transformation, leading by example and turning climate challenges into a growth opportunity, and in doing so presenting an optimistic policy perspective for a global transformation towards a 100% renewable energy world, thus supporting mitigation of the global-warming threats by significantly cutting greenhouse-gas emissions. With the immediate effects of the 2018 recast Renewable Energy Directive (2018/2001/EU) and other related clean-energy policies under the umbrella of the European Green Deal, coal and lignite electric generation has fallen in 2020 by as much as 22% (87 TWh) and the nuclear generation has dropped by 11% (79 TWh), with natural gas to a much lesser extent, yet still noting an annual drop of 3%, while renewables grew, surpassing the combined fossil fuels electricity output in the whole of the EU. This is an impressive result confirmed in late 2021 and a hallmark of the European Green Deal initial success, the sustainability of which is yet to be assessed in the coming years, especially in view of the recent international situation of major destabilization. In this context, it should be added that although the newest 2022 Global Energy Review report by the IEA confirmed in 2021, the highest global CO 2emission level in history (following the post -pandemic economic rebound and also due to the gas-price crisis of late 2021 causing gas-to-coal shifts in electricity-mix, which in the EU, resulted in a 7% relative annual emissions increase), Europe’s emission level has remained in a diminishing trend following the European achievements of 2020, with an overall CO 2 emissions decrease of 2.4% in comparison with the level of 2019. Most likely, however, the 2021 gas-price crisis was only a mere prelude to a much more robust long- -term perturbation that will be expectedly due to the war in Ukraine and the necessary sanctions policy, especially impacting the energy market and probably further hampering the green-transition process jointly with other economic factors.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Agnieszka Ewa Rządkowska
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Institute of International Studies, University of Wrocław, Poland
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

This article presents the current and future situation of heat consumption in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The predicted growth of thermal loads until 2030 is shown in the example of Karaganda city. Therefore, the task of creating and implementing automated heat points into the system of heat-supply complexes of cities of the Republic of Kazakhstan is relevant. The article considers the concept of measurement and processing of information in district heating supply systems based on variable cycles of the interrogation of parameters of heat supply at the heat points. As a result of the conducted research, a microcontroller SMART-system for the implementation of rational modes of heat supply used in the process of obtaining and processing information on heat-consumption parameters and making control decisions regarding variable cycles of heat-supply-parameter interrogation at heat points was developed and implemented. The results of the study have been successfully tested on the facilities equipped with automated heat points.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Indira Sagynganova
1
Alexey Kalinin
2
Karshiga Smagulova
2
Dmitriy Lissitsyn
2
Darmen Abulkhairov
3
ORCID: ORCID

  1. L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Kazakhstan
  2. Karaganda Technical University, Kazakhstan
  3. S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical University, Kazakhstan
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The energy strategy of Ukraine until 2035 forecasts that 12% of energy production will be from biomass. Currently, the share of biomass energy in the total structure of energy supplies in Ukraine is only 2%. After the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the diversification of the energy sector became extremely important. Rising fuels prices, problems with the fuel supply and the availability of agricultural biomass make biofuels an attractive alternative to fossil fuels. Ukraine has the potential to develop the production and use of all types of biofuels: solid, liquid and gaseous. Currently, the existing capacity and feedstock potential of biofuel production in Ukraine have not been fully realized. The experience of leading countries in the field of biofuel production shows that at the basis of the governments’ growing commitment to developing the biofuel sector is a desire to diversify the energy supply, create new jobs, improve energy security and reduce carbon dioxide emissions and other gases that contribute to global warming. The aim of the study is to construct the theoretical and practical principles of the implementation of the strategy for biofuel production from agrobiomass in Ukraine. We came to the conclusion that the trigger for the development of the bioenergy industry is the adoption at the state level of the strategy for the production of biofuels from agrobiomass. The implementation of the strategy for biofuel production will help to increase the production and use of biofuels that will strengthen Ukraine’s energy sector, help to stabilize fuel prices and will have a positive impact on the economic development of the country.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Natalia Pryshliak
1
ORCID: ORCID
Lyudmila Pronko
1
Kateryna Mazur
1
Yana Palamarenko
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Management and Law, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Ukraine
  2. Economy and Business, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Ukraine
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

This paper proves that the trend of development of modern transport in the world is to maximize the level of providing the personal use of electric vehicles. This mechanism would also partially solve the environmental problems of mankind. To implement this idea, some global automakers have announced the decision of the full transition of production to electric vehicles. At the same time, for effective functioning of the electric-vehicle market, adequate infrastructure needs to be created. There is a positive trend in the annual growth of the charging-station network in developed countries, that characterizes the charging-station market as dynamic and promising, but mostly chaotic and imbalanced at the regional level.
The main hypothesis of the research is about the independence between the level of electric-vehicle market development and networks of charging stations. The object of the study is the Washington (USA) electric-vehicle market, as it is the market segment with the highest development characteristics.
To test the hypothesis, the authors provided a multifactor analysis of the local electric-vehicle market and the existing charging infrastructure. A comprehensive analysis of the electric-vehicle market and the charging-station network in Washington (USA) was performed, and the market characteristics were defined accordingly: the degree of electric-vehicle spread in the regional localities; the level of charging-station-network coverage and concentration; the ratio of electric vehicles to charging stations.
Authors identified the tendency of the state location to innovations connected with electric vehicles. Clusterization and recommendations according to the level of development of the electric-vehicle market aimed to balance and grow the total electric-vehicle market and connected infrastructure.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Oleksandr Yakushev
1
ORCID: ORCID
Daniil Hulak
2
ORCID: ORCID
Oksana Zakharova
2
ORCID: ORCID
Yuliia Kovalenko
3
ORCID: ORCID
Oksana Yakusheva
2
ORCID: ORCID
Olesandr Chernyshov
4
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Social Security Department, Cherkasy State Technological University, Ukraine
  2. Department of Economics and Management, Cherkasy State Technological University, Ukraine
  3. Management and Financial & Economic Security Department, Donetsk National Technical University, Ukraine
  4. Department of Management of Non-Productive Sphere, Donetsk State University of Management, Ukraine
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The smart-city concept refers to a city that uses information and communication technologies to increase the interactivity and efficiency of urban infrastructure and its components, as well as raising awareness among residents of, for example, such socially important issues as energy efficiency and decarbonization. The current priorities and strategic goals of cities and metropolitan areas include climate protection, the reduction of pollution caused by the use of means of transport and heat or energy sources. The development of technology and the evolving smart-city concept are in line with the more efficient use of resources, global demographic trends, and ongoing urbanization processes. This results from the evolving potential of cities that the new information and communication technologies (ICTs) have set in motion. A change in the way cities function is a part of the concept of sustainable development, which involves the thoughtful use of resources in such a way that they are sufficient to not only ensure the well-being of the present generation but to also meet the needs of the future. Particularly important is the principle of sustainable development, which involves the greatest possible synergy between people and the world around them. Therefore, the essence of the idea of sustainable development is the pursuit of the well-being of society while maintaining the integrity of the ecosystem. Studies carried out among inhabitants of cities show that according to their understanding of the smart-city concept, the technological element is as important as the fact that the city is resident-friendly, smartly managed, and well organized, and the entities needed are always in the right place and at the right time. The purpose of this study is to analyze the innovation potential of selected cities of a large metropolis in terms of the smart city concept and 4T capitals. The subject is related to the search by city authorities for new models and tools to shape sustainable development in order to improve their residents’ access to municipal services and amenities, as well as to increase their influence on the future of their cities in such difficult ongoing processes as decarbonization. The main objective of the study was to identify how the authorities of the selected cities incorporate smart-city and 4T-capital topics into local policies to achieve decarbonization goals. The study was based on surveys of residents and municipal employees and on an analysis of local documents and environmental data of pollutions.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Grzegorz Kinelski
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Management, WSB University, Poland
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The relevance of the subject of research is determined by the need to develop and subsequently implement a mathematical model and the corresponding structural scheme of the convective heating surfaces of the TP-92 steam boiler. The purpose of this research work is to directly model the heat- -transfer system of the convective heating surfaces of this boiler, designed for effective use in real conditions. The basis of the methodological approach in the research work is a combination of methods of the system analysis of the key principles of constructing mathematical models of heat-transfer systems of modern steam boilers with an experimental study of the prospects for creating a mathematical model of a heat-transfer system of the convective heating surfaces of a TP-92 steam boiler. In the course of the study, the results were obtained and presented in the form of a mathematical model of a convective heat-transfer system. It allows for making effective mathematical calculations of the main operating modes of the TP-92 steam boiler and calculating the dependences of the temperature and thermal modes of its operation on the change of incoming parameters of the used heat carriers, changes in the heating surface area and the relative flow rate of the heat carriers over the time of their use. The results obtained in the study, including the conclusions formulated on their basis, are of significant practical importance for the designers of steam boilers. The results also are useful for maintenance personnel, whose immediate responsibilities include determining the real possibilities of improving the convective heat-transfer system, based on the known parameters of the temperature of the coolant at the entrance to the system and at the exit from it.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Taras Kravets
1
ORCID: ORCID
Igor Galyanchuk
1
Oksana Yurasova
1
Andrii Kapustianskyi
2
Kateryna Romanova
3

  1. Department of Heat Engineering and Thermal and Nuclear Power Plants, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Ukraine
  2. Thermal Mechanical Department, JSC “Tekhenergo”, Ukraine
  3. Department of Heat Engineering, National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute"
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

Solar photovoltaic (PV) and concentrated solar power (CSP) systems are the present worldwide trends in utilizing solar energy for electricity generation. Solar energy produced from photovoltaic cells (PV) is considered the main common technology used due to its low capital cost; however, the relatively low efficiency of PV cells has spotlighted development and research on thermal engine applications using concentrated solar power. The efficiency of concentrated solar power is greater than that of PV and considering the solar potential for Sudan. Therefore, this study has been performed in an attempt to draw attention to the utilization of CSP in Sudan since the share of CSP is insignificant in comparison with PV, besides the suitability of CSP applications to Sudan’s hot climate and the high solar energy resource, the study presents a design model of 1 MW parabolic trough collectors (PTC) using the Rankine cycle with thermal energy storage (TES) in Sudan, by adopting reference values of the Gurgaon PTC power plant in India. The design of a 1 MW Concentrated Solar thermal power plant using parabolic trough collectors (PTC) and thermal energy storage is proposed. The simulation was performed for a site receiving an annual direct normal irradiance (DNI) of 1915 kWh/m2, near Khartoum. The results showed that the plant can produce between nearly 0.6 to 1 MWh during the year, and around 0.9 MWh when it encompasses thermal energy storage with an average thermal efficiency of 24%. These results of the PTC Power plant encourage further investigation and the development of CSP technologies for electricity generation in Sudan.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Abdelkareem Abdallah Abdelkareem Jebreel
1
ORCID: ORCID
Hamad Mohamed Ali Hamad
2

  1. Sapienza Università di Roma, Italy
  2. University of Khartoum, Sudan
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The potential of wind energy in Ukraine is examined in this article. Possibilities of its use are analyzed, an analytical assessment of the potential for its use is performed, and prospects for the use of energy resources for the development of the wind energy market is substantiated. Reasons are provided for the advantages and disadvantages of wind energy, which should be combined into the following components.
The natural resource potential of Ukraine for the development of wind energy is analyzed. It has been confirmed that the wind energy potential of different territories of Ukraine is characterized by average annual wind speeds at the level of 7.0–8.5 m/s (on the continent – at heights of about 100 m, in water areas – about 50 m), which allows using megawatt-class wind turbines with annual coefficients of capacity utilization at the level of 0.3–0.4, which is quite efficient. The specific energy potential of wind energy in Ukraine is established, according to which, the territories of the country were grouped. It has been specified that the best places for locating wind power plants are areas with strong and constant winds, which can be found on the coast of the seas and in mountainous areas.
The situation with the production of energy resources in Ukraine is analyzed based on wind sources and means before the war. The advantages of wind energy development based on the improvement of legislative framework and promoting production of equipment for the operation of wind power plants in Ukraine are proven. The reasons for the potential of the wind energy market are stated and the main consumers of wind energy in Ukraine are outlined. The development of wind energy is considered as a method for energy independence of the national economy of Ukraine.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Nataliia Antoniuk
1
ORCID: ORCID
Maryna Baldzhy
2
ORCID: ORCID
Oksana Perkhach
3
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Department of Philosophy, Economics and Management of Education, Rivne Regional Institute of Postgraduate Pedagogical Education, Rivne, Ukraine
  2. Department of Entrepreneurship and Tourism, Odessa National Maritime University, Ukraine
  3. Department of Administrative and Financial Management, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Ukraine
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The relevance of this research work is due to the fact that farms and other farms are located at a considerable distance from sources of centralized power supply. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce autonomous generators as the main units that ensure the uninterrupted functioning of energy systems. The purpose of this research work is to analyze the features of the functioning of an autonomous constant voltage generator, as well as to determine the basic physical laws that are of fundamental importance in its operation. The basis of the methodological approach in this scientific study is a combination of methods of system analysis with an analytical study of the general principles of operation of such devices, which are of fundamental importance from the point of view of ensuring the proper level of operational reliability. The main results obtained in this research work should be considered the definition of equations for calculating the instantaneous values of the three-phase excitation current, as well as the peak value of the three-phase excitation current of an autonomous constant voltage generator. The results obtained in the course of this scientific research and the conclusions formulated on their basis are of fundamental importance for developers of modern technological systems, including autonomous constant voltage generators, as well as for employees of technological services of modern industrial enterprises, whose professional responsibility includes the practical operation of such devices to solve a complex of technical tasks facing these enterprises.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Orken Ordatayev
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Kazakhstan
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The purpose of this research work is to study the issues of the protection of 6–10 kV lines and access ways overvoltage in the electrical networks of modern enterprises of high-energy intensity, as well as the search for real technical opportunities to improve the protection of power lines directly in conditions of their operation. The methodology of this scientific research is based on a combination of methods of system analysis of the principles of the functioning of electric networks of energy-intensive enterprises with an analytical study of the fundamental aspects of ensuring the protection of 6 to 10 kV lines and access ways from overvoltage. The results of the conducted scientific research indicate the relevance of the issues of ensuring the protection of lines and electrical networks of energy-intensive enterprises from overvoltage and the need to develop special technical devices to ensure the proper level of such protection in real conditions. The results and conclusions of this research work are of significant importance for developers and designers of electric networks of enterprises with increased energy capacity, as well as for employees of various power supply systems who, by their occupation, face the tasks of servicing electric networks, which include lines and access ways with specified operating voltage parameters and ensuring the proper level of safety and practical use of these electric networks of energy-intensive enterprises.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Viktor I. Dmitrichenko
1
ORCID: ORCID
Zhubanyshbay S. Abdimuratov
2
ORCID: ORCID
Irina V. Kazanina
1
ORCID: ORCID
Nagym T. Omirzakov
1
ORCID: ORCID
Yerkebulan N. Zhagyparov
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Department of Power Supply and Renewable Energy Sources, Almaty University of Power Engineering and Telecommunications named after Gumarbek Daukeev, Republic of Kazakhstan
  2. Department of Electric Power Systems, Almaty University of Power Engineering and Telecommunications named after Gumarbek Daukeev, Republic of Kazakhstan
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

This article presents some results of work on the selection of the most promising types of lamps for various objects in industry, in commercial and residential buildings. It is shown that the use of a particular type of lamp depends on the conditions of a particular country (the cost of credit resources, the availability of different types of lamps on the market, and government incentives or restrictions), as well as on the conditions of the specific object (cost of lamps, duration of operation during the day, tariffs for energy resources, the cost of equipment and its installation (dismantling, utilization), the cost of replacing the equipment after leaving it, the term of service of various types of lamps). It is also necessary to consider the possible risks of changes in tariffs and the cost of money.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Volodymyr Mamalyga
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Ukraine
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The generalization of the European experience in waste management in the context of the directives, decisions and regulations adopted in the last decade in the European Union, as well as the state of the organizational, economic and regulatory framework for solving the waste problem in Ukraine, reveals a systemic lag in the implementation of new conceptual, methodological and practical approaches to the formation of an appropriate state policy.
The dynamics of handling certain types of waste in Ukraine have been analyzed. Features of disposal and waste management in Ukraine have been identified. A comparative assessment of the dynamics of waste generation in European countries and Ukraine per capita has been carried out, a block model of the financing system for the waste management sector in Ukraine has been formed and the directions of effective waste management in Ukraine have been determined. Furthermore, priority policy measures for waste management and secondary resource use in Ukraine have been formulated.
A set of obstacles on the method of efficient waste management in Ukraine has been prioritized. In the context of the formation of an efficient waste-management strategy, it has been advised to structure its three components of the subsystem: receipts (sources of formation) of funds, their accumulation and costs (expenses). This structuring indicates the presence of a number of flows of funds, each of which is largely autonomous but together they create a complementary system. Improvements to the legislative framework have been suggested. In particular, it is recommended to devote more resources to reorienting the existing economic model, which will create new business projects and will increase the flow of investment into the country.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Grygorii Kaletnik
1
ORCID: ORCID
Natalia Pryshliak
1
ORCID: ORCID
Michael Khvesyk
2
ORCID: ORCID
Julia Khvesyk
3
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Ukraine
  2. National Academy of Sciences in Ukraine, Ukraine
  3. Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

This article is devoted to an analytical review of the situation in the energy sector of Ukraine, taking into account constructive changes in the connection of the Ukrainian energy system to ENTSO-E and the destructive situation caused by industrial infrastructure failures and economic renewal. It focuses on Ukraine in the context of the principles of decentralization in the direction of significantly increasing the net cost of microgeneration, decarbonization and the transition to “green” energy. The national resource potential of energy-efficient and energy-saving technologies is systematized and the applied recommendations are provided to support state and local trends in energy sector development, namely energy storage projects, distributed generation and microgeneration based on Net Energy Metering to support small projects that solve energy problems. Included are institutional proposals for the establishment of the Agency for Decarbonization in Ukraine for the “green” transition, with broad powers of communication and the ability to make decisions on reducing carbon emissions in all areas. The possibility and expediency of using the concept of innovation is considered both from the global point of view of Ukrainian industry (with the potential prospect of using Ukraine’s industrial and logistics infrastructure as a mega-industrial park for the EU) and in the local sense of national energy, including improvements to the EU’s energy balance. It has been proven that the use of the nearshoring mechanism in Ukrainian industry in general, and in the energy sector in particular, can improve Europe’s energy balance, which has deteriorated over the past five years. Thus, the negative trend of the EU energy balance in thousands of tons of oil equivalent and in percentage terms was demonstrated. To improve the situation, the forecast of energy prices for individual EU countries was calculated taking into account Ukraine’s integration into the European energy system. The analysis and calculations revealed a potentially possible level of price reductions in some EU countries up to 20%. Recommendations are for improving energy-management efficiency at the regional level in particular, ensuring transparency in the development of renewable energy sources, using significant national potential of biofuels and increasing natural gas production, developing a business model of gas distribution center in Western Ukraine, which will be part of national gas distribution system and the European energy market.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Oksana Borodina
1
ORCID: ORCID
Hanna Bratus
2
ORCID: ORCID
Viktoriia Udovychenko
3
ORCID: ORCID
Sylwester Kaczmarzewski
4
ORCID: ORCID
Valentyna Kostrychenko
5
ORCID: ORCID
Viktor Koval
6
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Institute of Industrial Economics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ukraine
  2. Interregional Academy of Personnel Management, Ukraine
  3. Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine
  4. Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute Polish Akademy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
  5. National University of Water and Environment Engineering, Ukraine
  6. National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ukraine
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The rapid surge of global oil prices, on account of the pent-up demand after COVID-19 and the Russian-Ukraine war, has significantly contributed to the cost-push inflation as well as twin deficits, predominantly in developing economies. Motivated by the intention to curb the inflation, governments of several oil-dependent economies have rolled out fiscal measures to provide immediate relief to households through subsidizing the fuel component of the consumption basket. This paper provides a case study of Pakistan, wherein the effectiveness of untargeted gasoline and diesel subsidies has been gauged against alternative direct disbursement mechanisms. The analysis reveals that under the price-control based indirect subsidy disbursement mechanism, only 11% of the total domestic subsidies were directed to the poorest 40% of the households, whereas approximately 55% of the total subsidies were allocated to the 20% of the most liquid household segment. The case study analyzes the performance of alternative direct subsidy disbursement mechanisms which transpires into the potential fiscal savings of PKR 74.63 billion, while providing coverage to 40% of the lowest household segment. The study also evaluates the implication of the pass-through of the true prices on the national consumption of gasoline and diesel in the short-term, which reveals the sharp reduction of petroleum consumption in the total bill from 37% to 23%, thereby providing substantial relief to the current account balance. The finding provides key insights for economies to institutionalize the necessary social protection system and progressively transit to the direct subsidy disbursement mechanism while striving to contain the cost-push-based inflation triggered through the rapid movement of global oil prices.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Talha Khalid
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Policy and Planning, Central Power Purchasing Agency, Pakistan
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The poor energy situation in most African countries manifests itself in very low access to energy and high energy poverty. To address these problems, and drive towards achieving universal energy access, African nations have, in recent time, directed attention to governance issues in energy resource development through building relevant institutions, strengthening legal frameworks, designing policies, ensuring cooperation, and harnessing investments. The concern for a governance approach to energy development is partly due to the submission that the core reason for poor energy delivery is ineffective energy governance. This study is based on Southern Africa and intends to examine the current energy access situation and explore the existing energy governance initiatives. The study used three measures of energy access (national, rural and urban) and energy consumption in order to examine the existing energy situation. The governance actions were examined by looking at national energy policies, energy partnerships (private sector, development partners), and sub-regional power pools. The study observes that the generally poor energy situation in Africa is evident in the Southern African countries. Governance actions are found to be multisource and multilevel. While these actions confirm the seriousness of the stakeholders in addressing the poor energy situation; results have been minimal. Thus, there is a need for more vigorous efforts in implementing the energy policies, engaging the private sector and creating productive cooperation among energy delivery stakeholders.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Yekeen Adeeyo Sanusi
1
ORCID: ORCID
Chukwudi Bernhard Ohadugha
2
Valda Itunu Martins
2
Sheriffdeen Akande Olaide
1

  1. Urban and Regional Planning, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria
  2. Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The electric power sector is analyzed from the standpoint of well-being and a number of political priorities are considered that go beyond the traditional tasks of the so-called “energy trilemma”, namely reliable, affordable and carbon-free energy. This shows the importance of solving the problem at different levels as it can help the Government of Kazakhstan more reliably achieve synergy between actions to combat climate change and other priorities and, consequently, achieve double harmonization. The purpose of the study is to consider the cost and pricing surveys in the conditions of the functioning of the electricity market of Kazakhstan. Electricity is of key importance for human well-being. Electricity is highly necessary for many basic services, infrastructure and economic activities. Despite the increase in energy efficiency, the global electricity demand increased by 115% between 1990 and 2020, which is significantly higher than the population growth rate over the same period. This trend will undoubtedly continue conditioned upon economic growth, increased access and the electrification of end users. The assessment of electricity generation technologies from the point of view of well-being requires the use of the full cost method, which includes all applicable external costs, risks and benefits to determine the low-carbon energy balance, which in the Republic of Kazakhstan, is compatible with sustainable development. This assessment clearly needs to go beyond the plant level to consider the network infrastructure and demand to get a holistic view of the social costs of electricity. The practical significance lies in the analysis of cost and pricing in the conditions of the functioning of the electricity market of Kazakhstan.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Kuralay Sadykova
1
ORCID: ORCID
Almas Zhakupov
2
ORCID: ORCID
Timur Baymukhanov
1
ORCID: ORCID
Railash Turchekenova
1
ORCID: ORCID
Aliya Medebaeva
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Institute of Management, Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Republic of Kazakhstan
  2. Institute of Heat Power Engineering and Heat Engineering, Almaty University of Power Engineering and Telecommunications named after Gumarbek Daukeev, Republic of Kazakhstan
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

This paper presents the results of modeling and analysis of hybrid generation system (HSW). The system contains municipal waste gasification installation, photovoltaic (PV) system and wind farm. The system cooperates with the power system to provide electrical energy to the communal consumer. The consumer is characterized by a maximum power demand equal to 10 MW and an annual energy demand of 42.351 GWh. Generation with renewable sources was modelled using meteorological data. Moreover, in order to cover the demand with the level of generation, gas storage was used. Next, the three-stage gasification model is presented. It was validated, using the literature data, and its efficiency and gas composition have been calculated and are presented. Furthermore, energetic and economic analysis have been conducted. Installed power usage factor and efficiency of energy sources were calculated. Gross and net energy generation of hybrid generation systems have been computed and are presented. In this analysis, energy consumption by gas compressing was included. The analyzed HSW covered 54.5% of the demand. Most of this (30.2%) was covered by the gasification system. However, the system was characterized by a low net efficiency equal to 16.7%. Diagrams of power generation in each source and storage fill chart are presented. In the economic part of the analysis, results of calculations of net present value and payback period are published in order to examine the profitability of the system.
The cost of electricity was 490–1050 PLN/MWh. The results show that municipal waste gasification can be used as a part of HSW to adjust the generation with the demand. Moreover, it can be economically advantageous. However, it is characterized by high CO 2 emission and low efficiency of the waste processing system.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Jacek Roman
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Institute of Electrical Power Engineering, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Energy, Poznan University of Technology, Poland
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

Increasing energy security in the face of rising energy demand and declining funding for fossil fuels has necessitated the diversification of energy supply and the shift to renewable energy. Sustainable management of energy supply is aimed at achieving a low-carbon intensity of production, especially in energy-intensive industries, including the mechanical-engineering industry. The article examines the possibility of shifting the current mechanical-engineering enterprise system and the technical, environmental and economic indicators of production to the new concept of the green economy, which will be an alternative to the further sustainable development of the industry. This article analyzes key approaches to energy conservation. An analytical model has been developed for calculating the energy risk of the mechanical-engineering enterprise and has built a context diagram of mechanical-engineering production, taking into account the environmental impact and the possibility of energy modernization, which allows the setting of strategic goals to ensure the sustainability of energy supply in the mechanical-engineering industry and develop the main principles of efficient enterprise activities in the context of increased risk. It has been proven that one of the criteria for increasing the profitability indicator is the adaptability of enterprises to external conditions and increasing alternative options for obtaining energy from our own autonomous sources.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Inesa Mikhno
1
Oksana Redkva
2
ORCID: ORCID
Viktoriia Udovychenko
3
ORCID: ORCID
Oksana Tsimoshynska
4
ORCID: ORCID
Viktor Koval
5
ORCID: ORCID
Michał Kopacz
6
ORCID: ORCID

  1. National Aviation University, Kyiv, Ukraine
  2. Technical College of Ternopil Ivan Pul’uj National Technical University Ternopil, Ukraine
  3. Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine
  4. Interregional Academy of Personnel Management, Kyiv, Ukraine
  5. National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ukraine
  6. Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

This article presents an investigation of solar power plants’ economic efficiency in the case of energy prosumers. The economic effect of the development of solar energy, the environmental effect of the transition to green energy and the social effect due to lower electricity costs and investment growth from the use of photovoltaic installations (PVI) have been proven. The level of annual savings in PVI due to changes in production and own consumption of electricity are determined. Through use of factor analysis, the grouping method, the method of generalizing indicators, quantitative data collection for solar PV systems and the matrix method, the two main hypotheses were proven: (i) solar energy production should be stimulated by a sound state tariff policy; (ii) prosumers as players of the electricity market should be considered in the tariff policy. It is revealed that at current interest rates, PVI operational activity is subject to more complex factors, and the main one becomes economic, namely considering the economy of consumers, the level of taxation or grants of PVI activities, as well as productivity and the real state of technical condition of devices. The provided research develops the theoretical and empirical basis for the state policy of solar electricity usage with consideration to the peculiarities of its production and consumption. The process of production and consumption of electricity in PVI is not characterized by uniformity, which is derived from a number of factors, primarily from natural and climatic conditions. It also depends on the technical characteristics of the devices.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Olczak
1
ORCID: ORCID
Dominika Matuszewska
2
ORCID: ORCID
Andrii Lishchenko
3
ORCID: ORCID
Iryna Zhydyk
4
ORCID: ORCID
Viktor Koval
5
ORCID: ORCID
Olga Iermakova
5
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
  2. Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
  3. Interregional Academy of Personnel Management, Ukraine
  4. National University of Water and Environmental Engineering, Ukraine
  5. National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ukraine
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

Every developing country is beginning to rely on “green” energy in connection with environmental problems, including the global warming of our planet. It is expected that in the future, the production of electricity using the conversion of sunlight would take the dominant place in the energy infrastructure around the world. However, photovoltaic converters mainly generate intermittent energy due to natural factors (weather conditions) or the time of day in a given area. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to consider options for eliminating the interrupted nature of the operation of a solar installation through innovative additional applications. To achieve this goal, issues of the prospect of using energy storage devices and the choice of the most efficient and reliable of them are considered, as are the environmental friendliness of accumulators/batteries and the economic benefits of their use. The results of the analyses provide an understanding of the factors of using existing technologies with regard to their technical and economic aspects for use in solar energy. It was determined that the most common and predominant types of energy storage are lithium-ion and pumped storage plants. Such accumulation systems guarantee high efficiency and reliability in the operation of solar installation systems, depending on the scale of the solar station. Storage devices that are beginning to gain interest in research are also considered – storage devices made of ceramics of various kinds and thermochemical and liquid-air technologies. This study contributes to the development of an energy-storage system for renewable energy sources in the field of technical and economic optimization.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Anzhela A. Barsegyan
1
ORCID: ORCID
Irina R. Baghdasaryan
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, Architecture, Energetics and Water Systems, Shushi University of Technology, Stepanakert, Armenia
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

This article discusses the advantages of using renewable energy resources (RES), analyzes the resource potential of Ukraine in terms of energy production and substantiates the benefits of using RES for energy security. It explores the potential of the existing technological infrastructure for the sustainable development of the energy industry in Ukraine. It also identifies the structure of energy capacities and the technically achievable potential of energy production from RES and alternative fuels as a basis for different scenarios for the prospective development of alternative energy in Ukraine.
The development of solar, wind and bioenergy is analyzed in line with policy recommendation traced with the dynamics of the final volume of energy consumption in Ukraine.
This enables improvements to the methodology for determining the target parameters of energy security with the available resource potential, which forms the basis for the dynamics models of integral indices of components of energy security. These models demonstrate the current state of energy security of Ukraine in terms of resource potential, economic sufficiency, and institutional and organizational support for the use of energy resources.
The article suggests the key management directions of energy policy in Ukraine and the mechanism of emergency response to the shortage of energy supply. The development of alternative energy is considered as a path to the energy independence of the national economy of Ukraine and Europe.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Nataliia Antoniuk
1
ORCID: ORCID
Joanna Kulczycka
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Department of Philosophy, Economics and Management of Education, Rivne Regional Institute of Postgraduate Pedagogical Education, Ukraine
  2. Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The paper presents the scope of the international curriculum developed under the MOOC4ALL project financed by the Erasmus Plus Strategic Partnerships Program for the MOOC platform https://platform.mooc4all.eu/. The project partners were research units and non-profit organizations from Germany, Poland, Romania and Hungary. Developed under the project, the curricula covers topics in the “green area” such as renewable energy sources, waste management and sustainable development. Research conducted in the consortium countries has demonstrated the need to create online courses in these subject areas to respond to market demand and achieve the goals of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Green education is essential for safeguarding a sustainable world, maintaining it and preserving it for future generations. Currently, in times of climate crisis, increasing public awareness through non-formal education is of key importance. In the field of education, MOOCs have attracted a lot of attention as tools for open distance learning in the last decade. They make it possible to use the potential of new technologies in the didactic process and enable a reduction in the differences between developing and developed countries thanks to new interactive digital learning channels, which transpired to be particularly important during the Covid- 19 pandemic. The online courses developed as part of the project are available to participants free of charge in five languages – English, German, Polish, Romanian and Hungarian.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Aleksandra Kasztelewicz
1
ORCID: ORCID
Barbara Tomaszewska
1
ORCID: ORCID
Susanne Rahner
2
Ilona Winter
2
Volker Voss
2

  1. Department of Renewable Energy and Environmental Research, Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
  2. UBB e.V., Germany

This page uses 'cookies'. Learn more