@ARTICLE{Kwietniewski_M._FEM_2018,
 author={Kwietniewski, M. and Miedzińska, D. and Niezgoda, T.},
 volume={Vol. 64},
 number={No 2},
 journal={Archives of Civil Engineering},
 pages={55-65},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2018},
 publisher={WARSAW UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING and COMMITTEE FOR CIVIL ENGINEERING POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES},
 abstract={The problem of effective gas extraction from Polish shale rocks is an interesting research subject for scientists. A properly selected proppant, which protects cracks from closing during the fracturing process, inestimably contributes to an increase of extraction. Grains of proppant are transported along with a fracturing medium to reach the deepest regions of the crack. The proper support of the crack provides an easy flow of gas, therefore it is important in terms of extraction efficiency. This paper shows the interactions of a proppant grain with the crack surface in shale rock. FEM analysis was conducted to observe the stress region, which is generated as a result of pressing the grain into the crack surface. A model of a sphere which was pressed into the rock model with constant velocity was applied. The received results of stress depend on material properties and a range of proppant grain pressing.},
 type={Article},
 title={FEM analysis of proppant sticking in rock cracks},
 URL={http://www.journals.pan.pl/Content/115583/PDF-MASTER/pan_doi_blank.pdf},
 keywords={FEM analysis, proppant, shale rock, crack, fracturing, contact, slave, master, embedment, Newmark},
}