@ARTICLE{Saeed_Farqad_Rasheed_Numerical_2021,
 author={Saeed, Farqad Rasheed and Al-Dulaimi, Marwah Abdulkareem},
 volume={vol. 42},
 number={No 1},
 pages={71-95},
 journal={Archives of Thermodynamics},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2021},
 publisher={The Committee of Thermodynamics and Combustion of the Polish Academy of Sciences and The Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery Polish Academy of Sciences},
 abstract={The work presents a numerical investigation for the convective heat transfer of nanofluids under a laminar flow inside a straight tube. Different models applied to investigate the improvement in convective heat transfer, and Nusselt number in comparison with the experimental data. The impact of temperature dependence, temperature independence, and Brownian motion, was studied through the used models. In addition, temperature distribution and velocity field discussed through the presented models. Various concentrations of nanoparticles are used to explore the results of each equation with more precision. It was shown that achieving the solution through specific models could provide better consistency between obtained results and experimental data than the others.},
 type={Article},
 title={Numerical investigation for convective heat transfer of nanofluid laminar flow inside a circular pipe by applying various models},
 URL={http://www.journals.pan.pl/Content/119569/art05.pdf},
 doi={10.24425/ather.2021.136948},
 keywords={Convective heat transfer, Reynolds number, Nanofluid, Single-phase flow, thermophysical properties},
}