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The paper presents an instrument – fuzzy cognitive maps (FCM), which can be used to model landscape perception. The methodology provides the possibility of introducing complementary or alternative assessments, data sources and applications. The FCM instrument can be used to define different scenarios, depending on, for example, anticipated land use trends or objectives adopted in the spatial planning strategy. Managing a cultural landscape requires the participation of communities (especially local ones) in the process of landscape formation to increase the quality of the landscape and its acceptance while minimizing spatial conflicts. The incorporation of fuzzy cognitive maps (FCM) as an instrument facilitating the process of decision-making at one stage (e.g. local community participation) in spatial planning makes it possible to meet these requirements.