Applied sciences

Opto-Electronics Review

Description

Opto-Electronics Review is peer-reviewed and quarterly published by the Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN) and the Association of Polish Electrical Engineers (SEP) in electronic version. It covers the whole field of theory, experimental techniques, and instrumentation and brings together, within one journal, contributions from a wide range of disciplines. The scope of the published papers includes any aspect of scientific, technological, technical and industrial works concerning generation, transmission, transformation, detection and application of light and other forms of radiative energy whose quantum unit is photon. Papers covering novel topics extending the frontiers in optoelectronics or photonics are very encouraged.
It has been established for the publication of high-quality original papers from the following fields:

Optical Design and Applications,
Image Processing (without AI Algorithm Optimisation)
Plasmonics, Nanooptics, and Metamaterials,
Optoelectronic Materials,
Micro-Opto-Electro-Mechanical Systems,
Infrared Physics and Technology,
Modelling of Optoelectronic Devices, Semiconductor Lasers

Technology and Fabrication of Optoelectronic Devices,
Photonic Crystals,
Laser Physics, Technology and Applications,
Optical Sensors and Applications,
Photovoltaics,
Biomedical Optics and Photonics

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Journal Metrics:

JCR Impact Factor 2024:	0.9
5 Year Impact Factor 2023:	1.3
SCImago Journal Rank (SJR) 2024:	0.240
Source Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP) 2024:	0.453
CiteScore 2024:	1.8
Ministry of Science and Higher Education*:	100 points

* changed Dec. 1st, 2021

From 1992 to 2005 the Journal was published only in the paper form. From 2006 it was available also online. Since 2017 Opto-Eelectronics Review is published only in electronic form. All volumes issued online by the end of 2019 can be found on the following websites:

Years 2017-2019: https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/opto-electronics-review/issues
Years 2015-2016: https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/oere
Years 2006-2014: https://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/11772
Years 1992-2005 (scanned version): https://optor.wat.edu.pl/contents.htm

ISSN

ISSN 1896-3757

Publishers

Polish Academy of Sciences (under the auspices of the Committee on Electronics and Telecommunication) and Association of Polish Electrical Engineers in cooperation with Military University of Technology

Opto-Electronics Review - Editorial Board

Editor-in-Chief:
L. R. JAROSZEWICZ, Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland

Deputy Editor-in Chief:
P. MARTYNIUK, Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland

Board of Co-editors:

Optical Design and Applications
V.O. ANGELSKY, Chernivtsi National University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine

Image Processing
M. JÓZWIK, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland

Plasmonics, Nanooptics, and Metamaterials
T. ANTOSIEWICZ, Warsaw University, Warsaw, Poland

Modelling of Optoelectronic Devices. Semiconductor Lasers
M. DEMS, Łódź Technical University, Łódź, Poland

Optoelectronics Materials
D. DOROSZ, AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland

Infrared Physics and Technology
M. KOPYTKO, Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
F. WANG, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China

Technology and Fabrication of Optoelectronic Devices
J. MUSZALSKI, Institute of Electron Technology, Warsaw, Poland

Photonic Crystals
K. PANAJOTOV, Vrije Universiteit Brussels, Brussels, Belgium

Laser Physics, Technology and Applications
J. ŚWIDERSKI, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland

Optical Sensors and Applications
M. ŚMIETANA, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland

Photovoltaics
A. IWAN, Military Institute of Engineer Technology, Wroclaw, Poland

Biomedical Optics and Photonics
A. LIEBERT, Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Warsaw, Poland

International Editorial Advisory Board

D. BIMBERG, Technische Universitaet Berlin, Berlin, Germany

F. CAPASSO, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA

P.G. ELISEEV, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, USA

P. HARING−BOLIVAR, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany

M. HENINI, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, England

B. JASKORZYNSKA, Royal Institute of Technology, Kista, Sweden

M. KIMATA, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan

R. KLETTE, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand

S. KRISHNA, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, USA

J. MISIEWICZ, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław, Poland

E. OZBAY, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey

J.G. PELLEGRINI, Night Vision and Electronic Sensors Directorate, Fort Belvoir, USA

M. RAZEGHI, Northwestern University, Evanston, USA

A. ROGALSKI, Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland

P. RUSSELL, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Erlangen, Germany

V. RYZHII, University of Aizu, Aizu, Japan

B. SAKOWICZ, Lodz University of Technology, Poland

C. SIBILIA, Universita' di Roma “La Sapienza”, Roma, Italy

A. TORRICELLI, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy

T. WOLIŃSKI, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland

W. WOLIŃSKI, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland

S.−T. WU, University of Central Florida, Orlando, USA

Language Editor

J. Kulesza, e-mail: jolanta.kulesza@wat.edu.pl

Managing Editor:

R.Podraza, e-mail: renata.podraza@wat.edu.pl

Publisher:

Polish Academy of Sciences and Association of Polish Electrical Engineers

Editorial office:

Military University of Technology,

ul. gen. Sylwestra Kaliskiego 2

00 – 908 Warsaw, Poland

opelre@wat.edu.pl

Opto-Electronics Review is an open access journal with all content available with no charge in full text version.

The journal content is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Content

Opto-Electronics Review | 2024 | 32 | 1

1 Investigation of a simple energy management system of a hybrid PV-battery system

Baqer Saleh Mahdi , Nasri Sulaiman , Mohanad Abd Shehab , Siti Lailatul Mohd Hassan , Suhaidi Shafie , Hashim Hizam

Opto-Electronics Review | 2024 | 32 | 1 | e148249 | DOI: 10.24425/opelre.2023.148249

Keywords: renewable energy grid-connected system energy management system control strategy disturbances hybrid system

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Abstract

Growing energy demands are expected to render existing energy resources insufficient. Solar energy faces challenges in terms of providing continuous and reliable power supply to consumers. However, it has become increasingly important to implement renewable energy (RE) and energy management (EM) systems to increase the supply of power, improve efficiency, and maintain the stability of energy systems. As such, this present study integrated energy storage (ES) devices; namely, batteries and direct current (DC) to DC converters; into energy systems that support battery operation and effectively manage power flow, especially during peak load demands. The proposed system also addresses low solar irradiation and sudden load change scenarios by enabling the battery to operate in a discharge state to supply power to the load. Conversely, when the demand matches or exceeds the available solar energy, the battery is charged using solar power. The proposed system highlights the significance of RE systems and EM strategies in meeting growing energy demands and ensuring a reliable supply of power during solar variability and fluctuating loads. A MATLAB® Simulink model was used to evaluate the integration of a 200 kW photovoltaic (PV) array with a 380 V grid and 150 kW battery. The loads, consisting of a 100 kW and a 150 kW unit, were parallel connected. The results indicated that boost and three-phase (3Ph) inverters can be used to successfully integrate PV systems to the power grid to supply alternating current (AC) power. The inclusion of a battery also addressed power shortages during periods of insufficient power generation and to store surplus power.

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Authors and Affiliations

Baqer Saleh Mahdi

Nasri Sulaiman

e-mail:

ORCID:

Mohanad Abd Shehab

Siti Lailatul Mohd Hassan

Suhaidi Shafie

e-mail:

ORCID:

Hashim Hizam

e-mail:

ORCID:

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia
Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
School of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

2 Characterisation of a graphene/NPB structure with Re₂O₇ as an interfacial layer for OLED application

Paweł Krukowski , Michał Piskorski , Maciej Rogala , Paweł Dąbrowski , Iaroslav Lutsyk , Witold Kozłowski , Dorota A. Kowalczyk , Patryk Krempiński , Maxime Le Ster , Aleksandra Nadolska , Klaudia Toczek , Przemysław Przybysz , Rafał Dunal , Wojciech Ryś , Shankhanil Sarkar , Beata Łuszczyńska , Paweł J. Kowalczyk

Opto-Electronics Review | 2024 | 32 | 1 | e147913 | DOI: 10.24425/opelre.2024.148441

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Abstract

A graphene/NPB structure with Re₂O₇ as an interfacial layer in the context of its potential use in the design of an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) is investigated. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) study shows the formation of the Re₂O₇ phase on a monolayer graphene on quartz during thermal deposition in ultra-high vacuum (UHV). The ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) study shows an enhancement of the work function of the graphene heterostructure after deposition of the Re₂O₇ layer up to 5.4 eV. The hole injection barrier between the Re₂O₇/graphene heterostructure and the N-bis-(1-naphthyl)-N,N-diphenyl-(1,1-biphenyl)-4,4-diamine (NPB) layer was estimated to be 0.35 eV, which is very promising for a good OLED performance.

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Authors and Affiliations

Paweł Krukowski

e-mail:

ORCID:

Michał Piskorski

e-mail:

ORCID:

Maciej Rogala

e-mail:

ORCID:

Paweł Dąbrowski

e-mail:

ORCID:

Iaroslav Lutsyk

e-mail:

ORCID:

Witold Kozłowski

e-mail:

ORCID:

Dorota A. Kowalczyk

e-mail:

ORCID:

Patryk Krempiński

e-mail:

ORCID:

Maxime Le Ster

e-mail:

ORCID:

Aleksandra Nadolska

e-mail:

ORCID:

Klaudia Toczek

e-mail:

ORCID:

Przemysław Przybysz

e-mail:

ORCID:

Rafał Dunal

e-mail:

ORCID:

Wojciech Ryś

e-mail:

ORCID:

Shankhanil Sarkar

e-mail:

ORCID:

Beata Łuszczyńska

e-mail:

ORCID:

Paweł J. Kowalczyk

e-mail:

ORCID:

Department of Solid State Physics (member of National Photovoltaic Laboratory, Poland), Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 149/153, 90-236 Łódź, Poland
Department of Solid State Physics (member of National Photovoltaic Laboratory, Poland), Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz, 149/153 Pomorska St., 90–236 Łódź, Poland
Department of Physics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani-741235, Nadia, West Bengal, India
Department of Molecular Physics (member of National Photovoltaic Laboratory, Poland), Lodz University of Technology, ul. Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Łódź, Poland

3 Coded GFDM with decision feedback equaliser for enhanced performance in underwater wireless optical communication

R. Hema , Ananthi A. , Diana D. C.

Opto-Electronics Review | 2024 | 32 | 1 | e148697 | DOI: 10.24425/opelre.2024.148697

Keywords: generalised frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) turbulence pointing error forward error correction (FEC) decision feedback equaliser (DFE)

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Abstract

Underwater wireless optical communication is the best alternative for many applications especially for high bandwidth data communication between underwater objects and vehicles. The implementation of coding scheme along with advanced modulation technique and equalisation methods is identified as a key research scope for enhancing the performance of the system. In this paper, the coded generalised frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) technology is employed to provide high-data rates and less out-of-band emission. The Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) and Reed-Solomon (RS) coding schemes along with equalisation techniques namely normalised least mean square (NLMS)-based decision feedback equalisers (DFE), minimum mean square error (MMSE) and zero forcing (ZF) are utilized to reduce inter symbol interference (ISI). The bit error rate (BER) performance is evaluated in the presence of pointing error (PE) and turbulence using Monte Carlo channel modelling simulations. The results showed that RS coding with NLMS-DFE outperforms other techniques and achieves a BER of roughly 10−5 with a signal-to-noise ratio levels below 20 dB. The simulation results demonstrate that RS code with 15 total symbols per code word and 3 data symbols, i.e., RS (15, 3) and BCH code with 31 total symbols in a code word and 6 data symbols, i.e., BCH (31, 6) provided the best error performance among other coding schemes employed. It is inferred that RS (15, 3) coded 2 × 2 multiple input multiple output systems with NLMS-DFE achieved a BER value of 1.1925 × 10−5 at 11 dB which is 16 dB less than uncoded system. Thus, the coded GFDM improves overall BER performance and has the potential to provide higher reliability for internet of underwater things (IoUT) applications.

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Authors and Affiliations

R. Hema

Ananthi A.

Diana D. C.

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Easwari Engineering College, 162 Bharathi Salai, Ramapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600089, India

4 Rigorous optical modelling of long-wavelength infrared photodetector with 2D subwavelength hole array in gold film

Andrzej Janaszek , Piotr Wróbel , Maciej Dems , Omer Ceylan , Yasar Gurbuz , Łukasz Kubiszyn , Józef Piotrowski , Rafał Kotyński

Opto-Electronics Review | 2024 | 32 | 1 | e148831 | DOI: 10.24425/opelre.2024.148831

Keywords: plasmonics infrared detector enhanced absorption surface plasmon polariton Fano resonance Sommerfeld-Zenneck wave

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Abstract

The quantum efficiency of an InAs/InAsSb type-II superlattice (T2SL) high operating temperature (HOT) long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) photodetector may be significantly improved by integrating a two-dimensional subwavelength hole array in a metallic film (2DSHA) with the detector heterostructure. The role of the metallic grating is to couple incident radiation into surface plasmon polariton (SPP) modes whose field overlaps the absorber region. Plasmon-enhanced infrared photodetectors have been recently demonstrated and are the subject of intensive research. Optical modelling of the three-dimensional detector structure with subwavelength metallic components is challenging, especially since its operation depends on evanescent wave coupling. Our modelling approach combines the 3D finite-difference time-domain method (FDTD) and the rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA) with a proposed adaptive data-point selection for calculation time reduction. We demonstrate that the 2DSHA-based detector supports SPPs in the Sommerfeld-Zenneck regime and waveguide modes that both enhance absorption in the active layer.

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Authors and Affiliations

Andrzej Janaszek

1 2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Piotr Wróbel

e-mail:

ORCID:

Maciej Dems

e-mail:

ORCID:

Omer Ceylan

e-mail:

ORCID:

Yasar Gurbuz

e-mail:

ORCID:

Łukasz Kubiszyn

e-mail:

ORCID:

Józef Piotrowski

e-mail:

ORCID:

Rafał Kotyński

e-mail:

ORCID:

Janaszek, Andrzej :VIGO Photonics, Poznańska 129/133, 05-850 Ożarów Mazowiecki, Poland
Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
Institute of Physics, Lodz University of Technology, Wólczańska 217/221, 93-005 Łódź, Poland
Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey
Kubiszyn, Łukasz :VIGO Photonics, Poznańska 129/133, 05-850 Ożarów Mazowiecki, Poland
Piotrowski, Józef :VIGO Photonics, Poznańska 129/133, 05-850 Ożarów Mazowiecki, Poland

5 Intermetallic compound layer formation in indium-based micro-bump array fabrication technology for IR detectors

Paweł Kozłowski , Agata Jasik , Adam Łaszcz , Krzysztof Czuba , Krzysztof Chmielewski , Krzysztof Zdunek

Opto-Electronics Review | 2024 | 32 | 1 | e148833 | DOI: 10.24425/opelre.2024.148833

Keywords: indium micro-bump under bump metallization intermetallic alloy focused ion beam energy dispersive spectrometry

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Abstract

This work reports on the investigation of homogeneity of the inside of indium micro-bumps/ columns placed on Ti/Pt/Au under bump metallisation. This is very important for connection resistivity, long-time durability, and subsequent hybridisation process (e.g., die-bonding). Gold reacts with indium to form intermetallic alloys with different chemo-physical parameters than pure indium. The geometrical and structural parameters of intermetallic alloys were analysed based on transmission electron microscope images. Distribution of elements in the investigated samples was determined using the transmission electron micro-scope with energy dispersive spectroscopy method. A thickness of intermetallic alloy was 1.02 μm and 1.67 μm in non-annealed (A) and annealed (B) indium columns, respectively. The layered and column-like interior structure of alloys was observed for both samples, respectively, with twice bigger grains in sample B. The graded chemical composition of Au-In intermetallic alloy was detected for the non-annealed In columns in contrast to the constant composition of 40% of Au and 60% of In for the annealed sample B. The atomic distribution has a minor impact on the In column mechanical stability. A yield above 99% of an In column with a 25 µm diameter and a 11 µm height is possible for a uniform columnar structure of intermetallic alloy with a thickness of 1.67 μm.

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Authors and Affiliations

Paweł Kozłowski

e-mail:

ORCID:

Agata Jasik

e-mail:

ORCID:

Adam Łaszcz

e-mail:

ORCID:

Krzysztof Czuba