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Thermal efficiency and hydraulic performance evaluation on Ag–Al2O3 and SiC–Al2O3 hybrid nanofluid for circular jet impingement

Abanti Datta Pabitra Halder

Archives of Thermodynamics | 2021 | vol. 42 | No 1 | 163-182 | DOI: 10.24425/ather.2021.136953

Keywords hybrid nanofluid thermal performance factor pumping power merit number

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Abstract

Hybrid nanofluids is obtained by dispersing more than one nanoparticle into a base fluid. The work is concerned with a detailed numerical investigation of the thermal efficiency and hydraulic performance of hybrid nanofluids for circular jet impinges on a round plate. For this paper, a metal (Ag), a metal oxides (Al2O3) and a metal carbides (SiC) nanoparticle and their water based hybrid nanofluids are considered to analyse numerically with varying significant dimensionless parameters, i.e., the jet-to-plate spacing ratio, Reynolds number and volume fraction of nanoparticles. The results demonstrated that the efficiency of heat transfer of all nanofluids is increased by the addition of nanoparticle to the dispersed in water at constant Reynolds number. Moreover, the results illustrate that heat transfer efficacy and pumping power penalty both increased as jet-to-plate spacing ratio reduced. The jet-to-plate spacing ratio equal to 4 is the best as the percentage enhance heat transfer is maximum in this situation. Since both the heat transfer effect and pumping penalty increase using hybrid nanofluids, thermal performance factor increases or decreases depends on nanoparticles of nanofluids. It is evident that the analysis of these hybrid nanofluids will consider both the increase in heat efficiency and the pumping capacity. The best flow behaviour is achieved for SiC–Al2O3 hybrid nanofluids. New merit number is introduced for additional clarification.

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Authors and Affiliations

Abanti Datta

Pabitra Halder

Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur PO: Botanic Garden, Howrah-711103, West Bengal, India

A comprehensive review on energy and exergy analysis of solar air heaters

Harish Kumar Ghritlahre Piyush Kumar Sahu

Archives of Thermodynamics | 2020 | vol. 41 | No 3 | 183-222 | DOI: 10.24425/ather.2020.134577

Keywords Solar energy Energy Exergy analysis Solar air heater Thermal performance

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Abstract

For economic growth of nation, the energy plays an important role. The excessive use of fossil fuels results the increase in global warming and depleting the resources. Due to this reason, the renewable energy sources are creating more attraction for researchers. In renewable energy sector, solar energy is the most abundant and clean source of energy. In solar thermal systems, solar air heater (SAH) is the main system which is used for heating of air. As it is simple in construction and cheaper in cost, it is of main interest for the researchers. The concept of first law and second law of thermodynamics is used for the study of the energy and exergy analysis respectively. The energy analysis is of great importance for the study of process effectiveness while the exergetic analysis is another significant concept to examine the actual behavior of process involving various energy losses and internal irreversibility. For efficient utilization of solar energy, the exergy analysis is very important tool for optimal design of solar air heaters. The aim of the present work is to review the works related to energy and exergy analysis of various types of solar air heaters and to find out the research gap for future work.

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Authors and Affiliations

Harish Kumar Ghritlahre

Piyush Kumar Sahu

Thermal performance analysis of manned airships in a thermally variable environment

Hong Shi Meinan Liu Jiamin Chen Yitao Zou

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2022 | 70 | 5 | e143105 | DOI: 10.24425/bpasts.2022.143105

Keywords manned airship thermal performance nacelle temperature difference flight position

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Abstract

The safety and reliability of the manned airship depend to a considerable extent on its thermal performance. In this paper, heat balance equations are developed and solved in the C++ programming language. The temperature variation of the enclosure, gasbag, and nacelles of the manned airship is investigated. In addition, the effects of season, latitude, and orientation on the thermal performance of the manned airship and the airship nacelle are investigated. The results show that: (1) The average temperature difference of the nacelle surface at the same time is 25 K, while the maximum temperature difference in the nacelle is 29 K during the day, (2) the temperature distribution in the nacelle is similar in spring and autumn, with maximum temperature between 306 K and 309 K. The maximum temperature in the nacelle is between 300 K and 303 K in winter while the maximum temperature in the nacelles is between 309 K and 315 K in summer, (3) as the flight position of the manned airship changes from 20°N to 60°N, the average nacelle temperature varies slightly by about 1 K. However, as the latitude increases, the high- temperature region shifts from the bottom of the nacelle to the side of the nacelle, and (4) the temperature distribution of the upper envelope of the airship varies considerably with orientation. However, the average temperature of the nacelle is less impacted by orientation. These results are useful for understanding the thermal performance of manned airships.

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Authors and Affiliations

Hong Shi

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ORCID:

Meinan Liu

Jiamin Chen

Yitao Zou

College of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, China
Key Laboratory of Aircraft Environment Control and Life Support, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China

A comparative study for double pass solar air collector utilizing medial glass panel

Hussein Majeed Salih

Archive of Mechanical Engineering | 2022 | vol. 69 | No 4 | 729-747 | DOI: 10.24425/ame.2022.141524

Keywords solar air collector double-pass CFD finite volume thermal performance

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Abstract

A numerical investigation of thermal prediction of double-pass solar air heater of-counter flow is developed in the present study. The main idea of the current study is that the collector consists of two layers of glass so that the middle layer is glass instead of the usual metal plate. The performance of double-pass solar air heater is studied for a wide range of solar radiation intensities (600, 750 and 900 W/m ²). A FORTRAN-90 program is built to simulate the mathematical model of double-pass solar air heater based on solving steady state two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations and energy equation based on finite volume method. Turbulence effect is simulated by two equations k-ε module. The results are compared with the results of a previous experimental study and a good agreement was found. From compression calculating efficiency of the present and traditional collector for each solar intensity, it was found that the efficiency of the current collector is higher than that of the traditional one, where the efficiency of the current collector at the solar intensity of (600, 750 and 900) W/m ² are (0.529, 0.514 and 0.503), respectively, while those of the traditional collector (0.508, 0.492 and 0.481), respectively. In addition to this, the effect of the mass flow rate on the temperature difference of the current proposed collector was studied. Three values of the mass flow rate were studied (0.009,0.018, and 0.027) kg/s at solar intensity of 750 W/m ². From this it was found that the temperature difference decreases with increasing mass flow rate. Accordingly, the efficiency decreases

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Authors and Affiliations

Hussein Majeed Salih

e-mail:

ORCID:

Electromechanical Engineering Department, University of Technology, Iraq

Solar air heater performance prediction using artiﬁcial neural network technique with relevant input variables

Harish Kumar Ghritlahre Purvi Chandrakar Ashfaque Ahmad

Archives of Thermodynamics | 2020 | vol. 41 | No 3 | 255-282 | DOI: 10.24425/ather.2020.134579

Keywords Artificial Neural Network Solar air heater Thermal performance Multi-layer perceptron

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Abstract

Solar air heater (SAH) is an important device for solar energy utilization which is used for space heating, crop drying, timber seasoning etc. Its performance mainly depends on system parameters, operating parameters and meteorological parameters. Many researchers have been used these parameters to predict the performance of SAH by analytical or conventional approach and artificial neural network (ANN) technique, but performance prediction of SAH by using relevant input parameters has not been done so far. Therefore, relevant input parameters have been considered in this study. Total ten parameters were used such as mass flow rate, ambient temperature, wind speed, relative humidity, fluid inlet temperature, fluid mean temperature, plate temperature, wind direction, solar elevation and solar intensity to find out the relevant parameters for ANN prediction. Seven different neural models have been constructed using these parameters. In each model 10 to 20 neurons have been selected to find out the optimal model. The optimal neural models for ANN-I, ANN-II, ANN-III, ANN-IV, ANN-V, ANN-VI and ANN-VII were obtained as 10-17-1, 8-14-1, 6-16-1, 5- 14-1, 4-17-1, 3-16-1 and 2-14-1, respectively. It has been found that ANN-II model with 8-14-1 is the optimal model as compared to other neural models. Values of the sum of squared errors, mean relative error, and coefficient of determination were found to be 0.02138, 1.82% and 0.99387, respectively, which shows that the ANN-II developed with mass flow rate, ambient temperature, inlet and mean temperature of air, plate temperature, wind speed and direction, relative humidity, and relevant input parameters performed better. The above results show that these eight parameters are relevant for prediction.

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Authors and Affiliations

Harish Kumar Ghritlahre

Purvi Chandrakar

Ashfaque Ahmad

Effect of serrated circular rings on heat transfer augmentation of circular tube heat exchanger

Himanshi Kharkwal Satyendra Singh

Archives of Thermodynamics | 2022 | vol. 43 | No 2 | 129-155 | DOI: 10.24425/ather.2022.141982

Keywords Heat transfer rate Friction factor Thermal performance factor Serrated circular ring

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Abstract

Limiting energy resources has led researchers to find new innovative ways to enhance heat exchanging devices thermal performance in power generating systems. Thus, the present paper analyzes passive techniques of enhancing the thermal performance of a single tube heat exchanger. Experimental and numerical investigation on heat transfer enhancement using aserrated circular ring with twisted tape is carried out. The work incorporates the determination of Nusselt number, friction factor, thermal performance factor for serrated circular ring with twisted tape with variation in diameter ratio (0.8 and 0.85) and pitch ratio (2 and 3). Air is used as a working fluid with Reynolds number 6000–24000. The experiment is conducted by providing a constant wall heat flux of 1000 W/m2 to the system and thereby taking results at a steady state. The experimental and computational findings obtained for the smooth tube case are compared with the standard correlations of Dittus–Boelter and Blasius. Based on experimental and numerical investigation, there is 5.16 times augmentation in heat transfer and 3.05 times improvement in thermal performance factor over the smooth tube heat exchanger. In addition, the study of entropy generation rate for every geometrical parameter has been conducted, and their influence on the system’s thermal behaviour is presented. The results obtained in the present study may help the researchers of the same research area to find similar inserts and new ways of enhancing the thermal performance of heat exchangers.

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Authors and Affiliations

Himanshi Kharkwal

Satyendra Singh

Department of Mechanical Engineering, B.T. Kumaon Institute of Technology, Dwarahat-263653 (Almora), Uttarakhand, India

Modelling of back propagation neural network to predict the thermal performance of porous bed solar air heater

Harish Kumar Ghritlahre Radha Krishna Prasad

Archives of Thermodynamics | 2019 | vol. 40 | No 4 | 103-128 | DOI: 10.24425/ather.2019.131430

Keywords Solar air heater Porous bed Thermal performance artificial neural network Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm

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Abstract

The objective of present work is to predict the thermal performance of wire screen porous bed solar air heater using artificial neural network (ANN) technique. This paper also describes the experimental study of porous bed solar air heaters (SAH). Analysis has been performed for two types of porous bed solar air heaters: unidirectional flow and cross flow. The actual experimental data for thermal efficiency of these solar air heaters have been used for developing ANN model and trained with Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) learning algorithm. For an optimal topology the number of neurons in hidden layer is found thirteen (LM-13).The actual experimental values of thermal efficiency of porous bed solar air heaters have been compared with the ANN predicted values. The value of coefficient of determination of proposed network is found as 0.9994 and 0.9964 for unidirectional flow and cross flow types of collector respectively at LM-13. For unidirectional flow SAH, the values of root mean square error, mean absolute error and mean relative percentage error are found to be 0.16359, 0.104235 and 0.24676 respectively, whereas, for cross flow SAH, these values are 0.27693, 0.03428, and 0.36213 respectively. It is concluded that the ANN can be used as an appropriate method for the prediction of thermal performance of porous bed solar air heaters.

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Authors and Affiliations

Harish Kumar Ghritlahre

Radha Krishna Prasad

Thermal and acoustic behavior of energy saving wall panel

M. Yasir Khan Abdul Baqi Rehan Sadique

Archives of Civil Engineering | 2021 | vol. 67 | No 4 | 303-316 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2021.138501

Keywords sustainable building sandwich structures structural insulated panels building thermal performance acoustic absorption

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Abstract

Research and development of energy-efficient materials have been essential for sustainable infrastructure growth. A considerable amount of money is being spent on various energy stabilization techniques worldwide to attain thermal comfort in buildings. Thus, lowering the energy demand through green materials is vital to save energy and the environment. In this paper, a new form of Structural Insulated Panel (SIP) has been developed and referred to as Ferro Cellular Lightweight Concrete Insulated Panel (FCIP). Comparative thermal efficiency and acoustic performance of FCIP and brick masonry walls have been tested experimentally. The thermal results show that FCIP allows just 2 deg C rise in the internal temperature of the room chamber in two hours, whereas the brick masonry allows 9.5 deg C rise in the internal temperature of the room chamber for the same period. Similarly, the acoustic results show that FCIP has 0.85 sound absorption coefficient compared to 0.2 for brick masonry wall. Further, the cost-benefit analysis was conducted based on the electricity consumption results of a building produced by the eQuest energy simulation program. The outcome shows that the building’s lifetime running cost gets reduced to 50% when FCIP replaces the concrete/brick masonry envelope.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Yasir Khan

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ORCID:

Abdul Baqi

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ORCID:

Rehan Sadique

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ORCID:

Dept. of Civil Engineering, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India

Evaluation of thermal performance factor for solar air heaters with artificially roughened channels

Waseem Siddique Aneeq Raheem Muhammad Aqeel Sualeh Qayyum Tareq Salamen Khalid Waheed Kamran Qureshi

Archive of Mechanical Engineering | 2021 | vol. 68 | No 2 | 195-225 | DOI: 10.24425/ame.2021.137048

Keywords turbulence promoters solar air heater heat transfer enhancement thermal performance factor

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Abstract

Heat transfer augmentation has become the utmost industrial desire. Turbulence promoters seems to be a better option for better heat transfer but at the expense of enormous pressure drop. In the current study, experimental optimization of heat transfer and pressure drop in various configurations of ribbed and corrugated surfaces on the bottom wall of the Solar Air Heater channel, having aspect ratio of 26:5 was performed. The results were evaluated in terms of enhancement in heat transfer (Nu/Nu _s), friction factor ratio (f/f _s) and thermal performance factor ( η). Three different cases and nine configurations with a pitch to rib/corrugation height ratio of 4.0 were studied. Case A consists of a smooth, continuous square rib, inline and staggered broken ribs. Case B comprises 30°, 45°, 60° and 90° trapezoidal corrugated geometries while Case C is the comparison of smooth, wavy corrugated and the best configurations of cases A and B. The results show that rectangular duct with staggered broken ribs and trapezoidal corrugation at 45° are the best configurations for case A and B, respectively. The 45° corrugated configuration is the best one amongst all, with values of 1.53, 1.5 and 1.33% for Nu/Nu _s, f/f _s and η respectively.

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Authors and Affiliations

Waseem Siddique

Aneeq Raheem

Muhammad Aqeel

Sualeh Qayyum

Tareq Salamen

Khalid Waheed

Kamran Qureshi

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pakistan Institute of Engineering & Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
Department of Nuclear Engineering, Pakistan Institute of Engineering & Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates

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