Digitalization and sustainability are important topics for manufacturing industries as they
are affecting all parts of the production chain. Various initiatives and approaches are set
up to help companies adopt the principles of the fourth industrial revolution with respect
sustainability. Within these actions the use of modern maintenance approaches such as
Maintenance 4.0 is highlighted as one of the prevailing smart & sustainable manufacturing
topics. The goal of this paper is to describe the latest trends within the area of maintenance
management from the perspective of the challenges of the fourth industrial revolution and
the economic, environmental and social challenges of sustainable development. In this work,
intelligent and sustainable maintenance was considered in three perspectives. The first perspective
is the historical perspective, in relation to which evolution has been presented in the
approach to maintenance in accordance with the development of production engineering. The
next perspective is the development perspective, which presents historical perspectives on
maintenance data and data-driven maintenance technology. The third perspective, presents
maintenance in the context of the dimensions of sustainable development and potential opportunities
for including data-driven maintenance technology in the implementation of the
economic, environmental and social challenges of sustainable production.
The paper characterizes the status, trends and perspectives of irrigation in Poland after the reforms in agriculture and technology. Irrigation in Poland has supplemental character. It is used in short periods during the growing season and plays an important role in mitigating the effects of drought on crop production. Sub-irrigation from ditches is applied on permanent grasslands, sprin-kling – in field cultivation of arable crops, sprinkling and drip irrigation – in vegetable growing in open areas, micro-jets and drip irrigation systems – in orchards. Drip irrigation and micro-jets sys-tems are also applied in plant cultivation in greenhouses.
Under the economic conditions of Polish agriculture irrigation is often an unprofitable measure. The existing irrigation systems and facilities are only used to a small extent. After changes in the forms of ownership in agriculture, the large-area sprinkling systems were degraded. Small irrigation systems, mainly drip irrigation and micro-sprinkler irrigation, have recently become more common in private farms. Sub-irrigation systems are largely degraded and used only to a small extent if at all. In order to use these systems more effectively, it is necessary to reconstruct and modernize them. In many cases the factor preventing the use of irrigation systems is the deficit of water of required qual-ity and its availability. Besides unfavourable economic conditions, it is one of the main limitations in the development of irrigation in Poland.
The authoress wishes to discuss the idea of engaging senior citizens into the maintenance and care of historical park and garden complexes. The article illustrates the possible mutual benefits of the cooperation between the caretakers of these complexes and organized groups of senior citizens, who whose participation would be based on a form of voluntary help, through a foundation, or based on monetary compensation. Such a cooperation could lead to an improvement of the condition of historical gardens, in addition to providing beneficial effects to the physical and mental he alth of older people.
Fault Tree is one of the traditional and conventional approaches used in fault diagnosis. By
identifying combinations of faults in a logical framework it’s possible to define the structure
of the fault tree. The same go with Bayesian networks, but the difference of these probabilistic
tools is in their ability to reasoning under uncertainty. Some typical constraints to the
fault diagnosis have been eliminated by the conversion to a Bayesian network. This paper
shows that information processing has become simple and easy through the use of Bayesian
networks. The study presented showed that updating knowledge and exploiting new knowledge
does not complicate calculations. The contribution is the structural approach of faults
diagnosis of turbo compressor qualitatively and quantitatively, the most likely faults are
defined in descending order. The approach presented in this paper has been successfully
applied to turbo compressor, which represent vital equipment in petrochemical plant.
This study provides a systematic review of the existing academic literature describing the
key components of eMaintenance. The current literature is reviewed by utilizing a number of
academic databases including Scopus, SpringerLink and ScienceDirect, and Google Search is
used to find relevant academic and peer-reviewed journal articles concerning eMaintenance.
The literature describes eMaintenance as an advanced maintenance strategy that takes advantage
of the Internet, information and communication technologies, wireless technologies
and cloud computing. eMaintenance systems are used to provide real time analyses based
on real time data to offer a number of solutions and to define maintenance tasks. The collection
and analysis of appropriate maintenance and process data are critical to create robust
‘maintenance intelligence’ and finally improvements in manufacturing costs, safety, environmental
impact, and equipment reliability. This paper describes how the scientific discussion
on eMaintenance has expanded significantly during the last decade, creating a need for an
up-to-date review. As a conclusion, three research gaps in the area of eMaintenance are
identified, including evaluating the benefits of eMaintenance, agreeing on a
In an effort to achieve an optimal availability time of induction motors via fault probabilities reduction and improved prediction or diagnostic tools responsiveness, a conditional probabilistic approach was used. So, a Bayesian network (BN) has been developed in this paper. The objective will be to prioritize predictive and corrective maintenance actions based on the definition of the most probable fault elements and to see how they serve as a foundation for the decision framework. We have explored the causes of faults for an induction motor. The influence of different power ranges and the criticality of the electric induction motor are also discussed. With regard to the problem of induction motor faults monitoring and diagnostics, each technique developed in the literature concerns one or two faults. The model developed, through its unique structure, is valid for all faults and all situations. Application of the proposed approach to some machines shows promising results on the practical side. The model developed uses factual information (causes and effects) that is easy to identify, since it is best known to the operator. After that comes an investigation into the causal links and the definition of the a priori probabilities. The presented application of Bayesian networks is the first of its kind to predict faults of induction motors. Following the results of the inference obtained, prioritizations of the actions can be carried out.
Ladle plays an important role in the metallurgical industry whose maintenance directly affects the production efficiency of enterprises. In view of the problems such as low maintenance efficiency and untimely maintenance in the current ladle passive maintenance scheme, the life prediction mechanism for ladle composite structures is established which bases on the stress analysis of steel shell and ladle lining in the production process, combining conventional fatigue analysis and extended fracture theory. The mechanism is accurate and effective according to the simulation results. Through which, the useful life of steel shell can be accurately predicted by detecting the crack length of it. Due to the large number of factors affecting the life of the lining of the ladle, it is difficult to accurately predict the life of the ladle lining, so a forecasting mean based on the thermal shock method is proposed to predict the service life of the ladle lining in this paper. The life prediction mechanism can provide data support and theoretical guidance for the active maintenance of the ladle, which is the prerequisite for scientifically formulating ladle initiative maintenance program.
The paper contains synthetic and analytical test results and model solutions for technical maintenance and wear problems of apartment houses traditionally structured. The crucial methodological aspect of the research is striving to minimize the subjectivity of expert assessment while technical investigation of old buildings. The cause and effect between the occurrence of damage to the elements of the rental houses, treated as an expression of the conditions for their maintenance, and the size of the technical process of wear of these elements was determined on a representative, purpose-appropriate, sample of 102 residential buildings erected in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries in downtown Wrocław (Poland) district. Rational maintenance of existing buildings is nowadays significant issue for their proprieties. Therefore, there is constant need to find a research method that may lead to well thought out building maintenance management. The goal of undergone research was to search influence of apartment houses maintenance on the grade and intensity of their deterioration. As to fulfil the research objective the group of engineers identified symptoms of the technical wear growth, which means performed identification of causes and effects responsible for the defects appearance. The range of the work demanded elaboration of a new qualitative model of detected defects and its transfer into a quantitative model. Therefore, such approach enabled to establish the reason - effect connection ‘defect - technical wear’ related to the crucial structural parts of investigated apartment houses.
One of the factors that affects the safety of flight operations is to maintain the airport infrastructure in an appropriate condition, due to importance of proper infrastructure management, including funds and human resources management in particular. Currently applicable methods for determination of surface condition are mainly based on visual assessment of surface deterioration. An innovative approach to assessing the cement concrete airport pavement's technical condition based on the APCI (Airfield Pavement Condition Index) is presented in the article. The method of APCI index determination is based not only on the visual assessment of the airfield pavement's surface condition and the calculation of its deterioration, but also includes parameter of load capacity, evenness, roughness and tensile strength of the surface layer. The presented method can be used as a tool for forecasting the technical condition of cement concrete airfield pavements in the context of planning funds for future maintenance purposes. The impact of considering individual model parameters on the value of APCI index, basing on the results of field tests carried out as part of military airports inspections was presented.